Deformation
Deformation
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Monitoring Cascade Volcanoes
Active volcanoes are complex natural systems, and understanding a volcano's behaviors requires the attention of specialists from many science disciplines. It demands a combination of current knowledge about magma systems, tectonic plate motion, volcano deformation, earthquakes, gases, chemistry, volcano histories, processes, and hazards.
Deformation Monitoring Measures Inflation and Deflation of the Ground Surface
The land surface moves (deforms) as magma travels below the surface. Deformation measurements are made with several different tools and herald rising magma.