The USGS is bringing expertise in the use of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys to support groundwater studies. Like medical imaging allows us to non-invasively measure inside the human body, AEM surveys help to investigate Earth's subsurface without the need for expensive drilling.
Burke Minsley
Burke Minsley is a Research Geophysicist with the Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center.
Burke Minsley joined the USGS in 2008 as a Research Geophysicist with the Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center in Denver, Colorado. After receiving a B.S. in Applied Physics from Purdue University in 1997, Burke began his career as a field geophysicist working on offshore seismic vessels before receiving a Ph.D. in Geophysics from MIT in 2007. His work involves the development and implementation of innovative ground-based and airborne geophysical methods used in interdisciplinary studies to improve our understanding of Earth's geosphere, hydrosphere, and cryosphere. Burke's projects are interdisciplinary and geographically diverse, including permafrost mapping in Alaska, critical zone studies in a mountain headwater system in Colorado, and a large regional water availability study in the lower Mississippi River valley. He also works on development of computational methods for uncertainty quantification in geophysical datasets and associated geologic or hydrologic interpretations. In 2012, Burke received the PECASE award for his fundamental research on advancing airborne electromagnetic survey methodology and its use in studying permafrost. He is currently serving as President of the Near-Surface Geophysics Section of AGU from 2021-2022.
Professional Experience
2008 - present: Research geophysicist, Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO
2007 - 2008: Postdoctoral research fellow, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
2002 - 2007: Research assistant, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
1997 - 2002: Field geophysicist with WesternGeco, offshore
Education and Certifications
Ph.D. Geophysics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007
B.S. Applied Physics, Purdue University, 1997
Affiliations and Memberships*
American Geophysical Union: President of the Near-Surface Geophysics Section of AGU from 2021-2022
Honors and Awards
USGS Unit Award for Excellence of Service - LandCarbon team member, 2017
Presidential Early Career Award for Science and Engineering (PECASE), 2012
USGS Superior Service Award, 2012
Paper one of 'Ten Best of SAGEEP' 2010, 2011
Outstanding Student Paper Award, Near Surface section, Fall AGU, 2006
Martin Family Society Fellowship for Sustainability, MIT, 2004 - 2005
Science and Products
Expansion of the Geophysical Survey (GS) data standard and open-source tools
Airborne Electromagnetic (AEM) Survey 2023 - Illinois River Basin
Arctic Biogeochemical Response to Permafrost Thaw (ABRUPT)
Interdisciplinary Methods and Applications in Geophysics (IMAGe)
Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE)
Nome Creek Experimental Watershed
Airborne electromagnetic, magnetic, and radiometric surveys of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain and Chicot Aquifer System, March 2018 and May - August 2021
Airborne electromagnetic, magnetic, and radiometric survey of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain, Mississippi Embayment, and Gulf Coastal Plain, September 2021 - January 2022
Airborne electromagnetic and magnetic survey of Delaware Bay and surrounding regions of New Jersey and Delaware, 2022
Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) and magnetic survey data were collected during July and August 2022 over a distance of 3,588.5 line kilometers covering Delaware Bay and surrounding regipons in New Jersey and Delaware. Data were collected as part of the USGS Delaware River Basin Next Generation Water Observing Systems (NGWOS) project to improve understanding of groundwater salinity distributions nea
Depth to frozen soil measurements at APEX, 2008-2023
Depth to frozen soil measurements taken by a variety of collaborators at the Alaskan Peatland EXeriment (APEX) bog/permafrost plateau site. Data is from 2018 - 2023.
Floating and Towed Transient Electromagnetic Surveys used to Characterize Hydrogeology underlying Rivers and Estuaries: March - December 2018
Airborne Electromagnetic (AEM) Survey in Southwest and Southeast Areas, Wisconsin, 2022
Alaska permafrost characterization: Geophysical and related field data collected in 2021
Surface electrical resistivity tomography, magnetic, and gravity surveys in Redwell Basin and the greater East River watershed near Crested Butte, Colorado, 2017
Historical (1940–2006) and recent (2019–20) aquifer slug test datasets used to model transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer from recent (2018–20) airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey d
Airborne electromagnetic and magnetic survey data, northeast Wisconsin (ver. 1.1, June 2022)
Airborne electromagnetic, magnetic, and radiometric survey, upper East River and surrounding watersheds near Crested Butte, Colorado, 2017
Permafrost characterization at the Alaska Peatland Experiment (APEX) site: Geophysical and related field data collected from 2018-2020
Estimating streambed hydraulic conductivity for selected streams in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain using continuous resistivity profiling methods—Delta region
High-resolution airborne geophysical survey of the Shellmound, Mississippi area
The USGS is bringing expertise in the use of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys to support groundwater studies. Like medical imaging allows us to non-invasively measure inside the human body, AEM surveys help to investigate Earth's subsurface without the need for expensive drilling.
The USGS is bringing expertise in the use of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys to support groundwater studies. Like medical imaging allows us to non-invasively measure inside the human body, AEM surveys help to investigate Earth's subsurface without the need for expensive drilling.
The USGS is bringing expertise in the use of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys to support groundwater studies. Like medical imaging allows us to non-invasively measure inside the human body, AEM surveys help to investigate Earth's subsurface without the need for expensive drilling.
The USGS conducted an aerial electromagnetic survey of the Delaware Bay to collect data on groundwater salinity. Rising sea level, increasing frequency and intensity of coastal storms, and increasing demand for groundwater have amplified the risk of saltwater impacting water supplies in the region.
The USGS conducted an aerial electromagnetic survey of the Delaware Bay to collect data on groundwater salinity. Rising sea level, increasing frequency and intensity of coastal storms, and increasing demand for groundwater have amplified the risk of saltwater impacting water supplies in the region.
The USGS conducted an aerial electromagnetic survey of the Delaware Bay to collect data on groundwater salinity. Rising sea level, increasing frequency and intensity of coastal storms, and increasing demand for groundwater have amplified the risk of saltwater impacting water supplies in the region.
The USGS conducted an aerial electromagnetic survey of the Delaware Bay to collect data on groundwater salinity. Rising sea level, increasing frequency and intensity of coastal storms, and increasing demand for groundwater have amplified the risk of saltwater impacting water supplies in the region.
Geophysical survey equipment hoop on ground with people learning from SkyTEM member. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Geophysical survey equipment hoop on ground with people learning from SkyTEM member. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter towing hoop for airborne electromagnetic survey northeastern Wisconsin, January 2021
linkPhoto of helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter towing hoop for airborne electromagnetic survey northeastern Wisconsin, January 2021
linkPhoto of helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter with geophysical survey equipment loop deployed below for airborne electromagnetic survey, Northeastern Wisconsin, January 2021
linkPhoto of helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. Technician for scale. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter with geophysical survey equipment loop deployed below for airborne electromagnetic survey, Northeastern Wisconsin, January 2021
linkPhoto of helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. Technician for scale. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Geophysical equipment loop with sensor from SKYTEM. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Geophysical equipment loop with sensor from SKYTEM. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Geophysical equipment survey hoop resting on ground in between flights. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Geophysical equipment survey hoop resting on ground in between flights. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
A SkyTEM team member explains technology behind geophysical equipment loop to USGS employees. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
A SkyTEM team member explains technology behind geophysical equipment loop to USGS employees. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
USGS scientist Burke Minsley and project partners from the U. Alaska Fairbanks lay ground cable to measure permafrost depth at Nome Creek site north of Fairbanks, Alaska.
USGS scientist Burke Minsley and project partners from the U. Alaska Fairbanks lay ground cable to measure permafrost depth at Nome Creek site north of Fairbanks, Alaska.
Deploying geophysical equipment in the Nome Creek (AK) area to assess the effect of wildfire on permafrost. Small electrical signals are injected into the ground through metal stakes connected to the orange cable in the foreground. The measured response is used to detect belowground permafrost conditions.
Deploying geophysical equipment in the Nome Creek (AK) area to assess the effect of wildfire on permafrost. Small electrical signals are injected into the ground through metal stakes connected to the orange cable in the foreground. The measured response is used to detect belowground permafrost conditions.
Beyond the wedge: Impact of tidal streams on salinization of groundwater in a coastal aquifer stressed by pumping and sea-level rise
Upland Yedoma taliks are an unpredicted source of atmospheric methane
A model of transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity from electrical resistivity distribution derived from airborne electromagnetic surveys of the Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer, Midwest USA
Rapid and gradual permafrost thaw: A tale of two sites
GSPy: A new toolbox and data standard for Geophysical Datasets
Surface parameters and bedrock properties covary across a mountainous watershed: Insights from machine learning and geophysics
Mapped predictions of manganese and arsenic in an alluvial aquifer using boosted regression trees
Characterizing methane emission hotspots from thawing permafrost
Permafrost characterization and feature identification using public domain airborne electromagnetic data, interior Alaska
Incorporating uncertainty into groundwater salinity mapping using AEM data
Airborne geophysical surveys of the lower Mississippi Valley demonstrate system-scale mapping of subsurface architecture
The biophysical role of water and ice within permafrost nearing collapse: Insights from novel geophysical observations
Non-USGS Publications**
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
Mississippi Alluvial Plain: Shellmound, MS Geophysical Survey
A high-resolution airborne and ground-based geophysical survey was conducted near Shellmound, Mississippi as part of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) Regional Water Availability Study. This geonarrative showcases the geophysical data used in support of this effort, compiles complementary datasets, and provides additional resources to the user.
GSpy: Geophysical Data Standard in Python
GeoBIPy – Geophysical Bayesian Inference in Python
GeoBIPy – Geophysical Bayesian Inference in Python – is an open-source algorithm for quantifying uncertainty in airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data and associated geological interpretations. This package uses a Bayesian formulation and Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling methods to derive posterior distributions of subsurface electrical resistivity based on measured AEM data.
Science and Products
Expansion of the Geophysical Survey (GS) data standard and open-source tools
Airborne Electromagnetic (AEM) Survey 2023 - Illinois River Basin
Arctic Biogeochemical Response to Permafrost Thaw (ABRUPT)
Interdisciplinary Methods and Applications in Geophysics (IMAGe)
Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE)
Nome Creek Experimental Watershed
Airborne electromagnetic, magnetic, and radiometric surveys of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain and Chicot Aquifer System, March 2018 and May - August 2021
Airborne electromagnetic, magnetic, and radiometric survey of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain, Mississippi Embayment, and Gulf Coastal Plain, September 2021 - January 2022
Airborne electromagnetic and magnetic survey of Delaware Bay and surrounding regions of New Jersey and Delaware, 2022
Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) and magnetic survey data were collected during July and August 2022 over a distance of 3,588.5 line kilometers covering Delaware Bay and surrounding regipons in New Jersey and Delaware. Data were collected as part of the USGS Delaware River Basin Next Generation Water Observing Systems (NGWOS) project to improve understanding of groundwater salinity distributions nea
Depth to frozen soil measurements at APEX, 2008-2023
Depth to frozen soil measurements taken by a variety of collaborators at the Alaskan Peatland EXeriment (APEX) bog/permafrost plateau site. Data is from 2018 - 2023.
Floating and Towed Transient Electromagnetic Surveys used to Characterize Hydrogeology underlying Rivers and Estuaries: March - December 2018
Airborne Electromagnetic (AEM) Survey in Southwest and Southeast Areas, Wisconsin, 2022
Alaska permafrost characterization: Geophysical and related field data collected in 2021
Surface electrical resistivity tomography, magnetic, and gravity surveys in Redwell Basin and the greater East River watershed near Crested Butte, Colorado, 2017
Historical (1940–2006) and recent (2019–20) aquifer slug test datasets used to model transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer from recent (2018–20) airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey d
Airborne electromagnetic and magnetic survey data, northeast Wisconsin (ver. 1.1, June 2022)
Airborne electromagnetic, magnetic, and radiometric survey, upper East River and surrounding watersheds near Crested Butte, Colorado, 2017
Permafrost characterization at the Alaska Peatland Experiment (APEX) site: Geophysical and related field data collected from 2018-2020
Estimating streambed hydraulic conductivity for selected streams in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain using continuous resistivity profiling methods—Delta region
High-resolution airborne geophysical survey of the Shellmound, Mississippi area
The USGS is bringing expertise in the use of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys to support groundwater studies. Like medical imaging allows us to non-invasively measure inside the human body, AEM surveys help to investigate Earth's subsurface without the need for expensive drilling.
The USGS is bringing expertise in the use of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys to support groundwater studies. Like medical imaging allows us to non-invasively measure inside the human body, AEM surveys help to investigate Earth's subsurface without the need for expensive drilling.
The USGS is bringing expertise in the use of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys to support groundwater studies. Like medical imaging allows us to non-invasively measure inside the human body, AEM surveys help to investigate Earth's subsurface without the need for expensive drilling.
The USGS is bringing expertise in the use of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys to support groundwater studies. Like medical imaging allows us to non-invasively measure inside the human body, AEM surveys help to investigate Earth's subsurface without the need for expensive drilling.
The USGS conducted an aerial electromagnetic survey of the Delaware Bay to collect data on groundwater salinity. Rising sea level, increasing frequency and intensity of coastal storms, and increasing demand for groundwater have amplified the risk of saltwater impacting water supplies in the region.
The USGS conducted an aerial electromagnetic survey of the Delaware Bay to collect data on groundwater salinity. Rising sea level, increasing frequency and intensity of coastal storms, and increasing demand for groundwater have amplified the risk of saltwater impacting water supplies in the region.
The USGS conducted an aerial electromagnetic survey of the Delaware Bay to collect data on groundwater salinity. Rising sea level, increasing frequency and intensity of coastal storms, and increasing demand for groundwater have amplified the risk of saltwater impacting water supplies in the region.
The USGS conducted an aerial electromagnetic survey of the Delaware Bay to collect data on groundwater salinity. Rising sea level, increasing frequency and intensity of coastal storms, and increasing demand for groundwater have amplified the risk of saltwater impacting water supplies in the region.
Geophysical survey equipment hoop on ground with people learning from SkyTEM member. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Geophysical survey equipment hoop on ground with people learning from SkyTEM member. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter towing hoop for airborne electromagnetic survey northeastern Wisconsin, January 2021
linkPhoto of helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter towing hoop for airborne electromagnetic survey northeastern Wisconsin, January 2021
linkPhoto of helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter with geophysical survey equipment loop deployed below for airborne electromagnetic survey, Northeastern Wisconsin, January 2021
linkPhoto of helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. Technician for scale. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter with geophysical survey equipment loop deployed below for airborne electromagnetic survey, Northeastern Wisconsin, January 2021
linkPhoto of helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. Technician for scale. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Geophysical equipment loop with sensor from SKYTEM. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Geophysical equipment loop with sensor from SKYTEM. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Helicopter with geophysical equipment loop deployed below it via slingload. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Geophysical equipment survey hoop resting on ground in between flights. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
Geophysical equipment survey hoop resting on ground in between flights. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
A SkyTEM team member explains technology behind geophysical equipment loop to USGS employees. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
A SkyTEM team member explains technology behind geophysical equipment loop to USGS employees. In January 2021 a helicopter carried an airborne electromagnetic induction sensor over parts of northeastern Wisconsin as part of a USGS study to map the aquifers in the region.
USGS scientist Burke Minsley and project partners from the U. Alaska Fairbanks lay ground cable to measure permafrost depth at Nome Creek site north of Fairbanks, Alaska.
USGS scientist Burke Minsley and project partners from the U. Alaska Fairbanks lay ground cable to measure permafrost depth at Nome Creek site north of Fairbanks, Alaska.
Deploying geophysical equipment in the Nome Creek (AK) area to assess the effect of wildfire on permafrost. Small electrical signals are injected into the ground through metal stakes connected to the orange cable in the foreground. The measured response is used to detect belowground permafrost conditions.
Deploying geophysical equipment in the Nome Creek (AK) area to assess the effect of wildfire on permafrost. Small electrical signals are injected into the ground through metal stakes connected to the orange cable in the foreground. The measured response is used to detect belowground permafrost conditions.
Beyond the wedge: Impact of tidal streams on salinization of groundwater in a coastal aquifer stressed by pumping and sea-level rise
Upland Yedoma taliks are an unpredicted source of atmospheric methane
A model of transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity from electrical resistivity distribution derived from airborne electromagnetic surveys of the Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer, Midwest USA
Rapid and gradual permafrost thaw: A tale of two sites
GSPy: A new toolbox and data standard for Geophysical Datasets
Surface parameters and bedrock properties covary across a mountainous watershed: Insights from machine learning and geophysics
Mapped predictions of manganese and arsenic in an alluvial aquifer using boosted regression trees
Characterizing methane emission hotspots from thawing permafrost
Permafrost characterization and feature identification using public domain airborne electromagnetic data, interior Alaska
Incorporating uncertainty into groundwater salinity mapping using AEM data
Airborne geophysical surveys of the lower Mississippi Valley demonstrate system-scale mapping of subsurface architecture
The biophysical role of water and ice within permafrost nearing collapse: Insights from novel geophysical observations
Non-USGS Publications**
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
Mississippi Alluvial Plain: Shellmound, MS Geophysical Survey
A high-resolution airborne and ground-based geophysical survey was conducted near Shellmound, Mississippi as part of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) Regional Water Availability Study. This geonarrative showcases the geophysical data used in support of this effort, compiles complementary datasets, and provides additional resources to the user.
GSpy: Geophysical Data Standard in Python
GeoBIPy – Geophysical Bayesian Inference in Python
GeoBIPy – Geophysical Bayesian Inference in Python – is an open-source algorithm for quantifying uncertainty in airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data and associated geological interpretations. This package uses a Bayesian formulation and Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling methods to derive posterior distributions of subsurface electrical resistivity based on measured AEM data.
*Disclaimer: Listing outside positions with professional scientific organizations on this Staff Profile are for informational purposes only and do not constitute an endorsement of those professional scientific organizations or their activities by the USGS, Department of the Interior, or U.S. Government