Volcano Updates

Activity Summary:  Kilauea volcano is not erupting. Heightened seismic unrest beneath the summit continued over the past day. At this time, it is not possible to say whether this increase in activity will lead to an intrusion or an eruption, or simply continue as seismic unrest at depth. Changes in the character and location of unrest can occur quickly, as can the potential for eruption, but there are no signs of imminent eruption at this time.

Summit Observations and Upper East Rift Zone Observations:  Heightened seismic unrest beneath the summit continued over the past day, primarily in the form of intermittent low frequency energy signals typical of magma movement. The number of individual earthquakes remained low, with less than 10 events detected. Depths averaged 1–3 km (0.6–1.9 miles) beneath the surface, with magnitudes below M2.0. Ground deformation continued at low rates beneath Halemaʻumaʻu and the south caldera region over the past day. The Uēkahuna tiltmeter northwest of the summit recorded overall minor inflation. The Sand Hill tiltmeter southwest of the summit also recorded overall minor inflation. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas emission rates remain low. An SO2 emission rate of approximately 61 tonnes per day was recorded on May 21.

Rift Zone Observations:  Rates of seismicity beneath the East Rift Zone and Southwest Rift Zone are low. Rates of ground deformation are low. Measurements from continuous gas monitoring stations downwind of Puʻuʻōʻō in the middle East Rift Zone remain below detection limits for SO2, indicating that SO2 emissions from Puʻuʻōʻō are negligible.

Analysis:   Magma has been pressurizing the system beneath Halemaʻumaʻu and the south caldera region, activating seismicity in the upper East Rift Zone, and in the caldera south of Halemaʻumaʻu. At this time, it is not possible to say whether this increase in activity will lead to an intrusion or an eruption in the near future, or simply continue as seismic unrest at depth. Changes in the character and location of unrest can occur quickly, as can the potential for eruption, but there are no signs of imminent eruption at this time.

Information Statement Issued May 2, 2024: An information statement summarizing the events since April 27, including interpretation and possible outcomes, can be found here:  Kīlauea Information Statement: summit region heightened unrest continues; no eruptive activity. | U.S. Geological Survey (usgs.gov)

Updates: The USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) will provide daily updates while Kīlauea volcano is in a heightened state of unrest.

HVO continues to closely monitor Kīlauea for signs of increasing activity. Should volcanic activity change significantly, a Volcanic Activity Notice will be issued.

Hazards are still present on Kīlauea and are described below. Residents and visitors should stay informed and follow County of Hawai‘i and Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park guidelines.