Sonar mapping and data processing

TOP: Acoustic backscatter data show the intensity of an acoustic pulse off the seafloor and back to a ship. Brighter tones indicate a strong intensity (possibly harder seafloor?), while darker ones indicate a weaker intensity (possibly softer seafloor?). Many seafloor physical parameters influence backscatter intensity but these data are helpful in determining the distribution of seafloor geology (i.e. rock, sand, mud). [larger version] ... 

BOTTOM: High-resolution bathymetry and acoustic backscatter data, collected using atate-of-the-art multibeam and bathymetric sidescan sonar systems, are usually processed on the ship, allowing for almost real-time quality control and filling of data gaps. [larger version]