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Publications

Dive into our publications and explore the science from the Environmental Health Program (Toxic Substances Hydrology and Contaminant Biology).

Filter Total Items: 4093

Herbicides and their metabolites in rainfall: Origin, transport, and deposition patterns across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 1990-1991

Herbicides were detected in rainfall throughout the midwestern and northeastern United States during late spring and summer of 1990 and 1991. Herbicide concentrations exhibited distinct geographic and seasonal patterns. The highest concentrations occurred in midwestern cornbelt states following herbicide application to cropland. Volume-weighted concentrations of 0.2−0.4 μg/L for atrazine...
Authors
D. A. Goolsby, E.M. Thurman, M.L. Pomes, M. T. Meyer, W.A. Battaglin

Response characteristics of DOC flushing in an alpine catchment

The spatial distribution of source areas and associated residence times of water in the catchment are significant factors controlling the annual cycles of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in Deer Creek (Summit County, Colorado). During spring snowmelt (April-August 1992), stream DOC concentrations increased with the rising limb of the hydrograph, peaked before maximum...
Authors
E.W. Boyer, G.M. Hornberger, K.E. Bencala, Diane M. McKnight

Analysis of environmental data with censored observations

The potential threats to humans and to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems from environmental contamination could depend on the sum of the concentrations of different chemicals. However, direct summation of environmental data is not generally feasible because it is common for some chemical concentrations to be recorded as being below the analytical reporting limit. This creates special...
Authors
S. Liu, J.-C. Lu, D.W. Kolpin, W.Q. Meeker

Agricultural chemicals in groundwater of the midwestern United States: Relations to land use

To determine the relations between land use and concentrations of selected agricultural chemicals (nitrate, atrazine residue [atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) + deethylatrazinc (2-amino-4-chloro-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) + deisopropylatrazine (2-amino-4-chloro-6-ethylamino-s-triazine)], and alachlor residue [alachlor, [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-...
Authors
D.W. Kolpin

Occurrence of selected herbicides and herbicide degradation products in Iowa's Ground Water, 1995

Herbicide compounds were prevalent in ground water across Iowa, being detected in 70% of the 106 municipal wells sampled during the summer of 1995. Herbicide degradation products were three of the four most frequently detected compounds for this study. The degradation product alachlor ethanesulfonic acid was the most frequently detected compound (65.1%), followed by atrazine (40.6%), and...
Authors
D.W. Kolpin, S. J. Kalkhoff, D. A. Goolsby, D. A. Sneck-Fahrer, E.M. Thurman

Resolution of matrix effects on analysis of total and methyl mercury in aqueous samples from the Florida Everglades

 Aqueous samples from the Florida Everglades present several problems for the analysis of total mercury (HgT) and methyl mercury (MeHg). Constituents such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and sulfide at selected sites present particular challenges due to interferences with standard analytical techniques. This is manifested by 1) the inability to discern when bromine monochloride (BrCl)...
Authors
M.L. Olson, L.B. Cleckner, J.P. Hurley, David Krabbenhoft, T.W. Heelan

Terbuthylazine and deethylterbuthylazine in rain and surface water: Determination by enzyme immunoassay and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Rain and surface water samples from Southern Germany were investigated from 1991 to 1995 for terbuthylazine and one of its major metabolites, deethylterbuthylazine. The concentrations observed were compared to the concentrations found for atrazine and deethylatrazine in the same water samples. Concentrations ranged from 0.02 μg/L to 0.7 μg/L for terbuthylazine and from 0.02 μg/L to 0.6...
Authors
Andrea Dankwardt, E. Michael Thurman, B. Hock

Nuclear magnetic resonance identification of new sulfonic acid metabolites of chloroacetanilide herbicides

The detection of the sulfonic acid metabolites of the chloroacetanilide herbicides acetochlor, alachlor, butachlor, propachlor, and, more recently, metolachlor in surface and ground water suggests that a common mechanism for dechlorination exists via the glutathione conjugation pathway. The identification of these herbicides and their metabolites is important due to growing public...
Authors
M.D. Morton, F.H. Walters, Diana S. Aga, E. Michael Thurman, C.K. Larive

Mixed-mode sorption of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products to sell: A mechanism for bound residue

This study tested the hypothesis that sorption of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products (HADPs: hydroxyatrazine, HA; deethylhydroxyatrazine, DEHA; and deisopropylhydroxyatrazine, DIHA) to soils occurs by mixed-mode binding resulting from two simultaneous mechanisms: (1) cation exchange and (2) hydrophobic interaction. The objective was to use liquid chromatography and soil...
Authors
R.N. Lerch, E. Michael Thurman, E.L. Kruger
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