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The goal of the Estuarine and MaRsh Geology (EMRG) Research Project is to study how and where short- and long-term marsh and estuarine coastal processes interact, how they influence coastal accretion or erosion, and how they pre-condition a marsh’s resiliency to storms, sea-level change, and human alterations along the northern Gulf of Mexico (Grand Bay and Point aux Chenes, Mississippi and St. Marks, Florida).
Marsh and Estuarine Coastal Processes
Interactions between coastal estuaries, marshes, and upland environments are a complex web of inter-related and inter-connected physical and ecological processes. The Estuarine and MaRsh Geology (EMRG) project focuses on how specific geologic and geomorphic variables such as sediment properties and shoreface slope, respectively, impact the erosion and accretion rates of marsh environments in both the short- and long-term. To do this we use field observations, oceanographic sensors, and field collected sediment samples paired with marsh-estuarine system models run for various scenarios such as with a modified geomorphology or sea-level change.
Project Objectives:
1) Define the key geologic and geomorphic variables that influence marsh width and elevation for each study area,
2) Quantify elevation and geomorphic gradients along natural boundaries (upland-marsh, marsh-estuary, estuary-ocean), and
3) Evaluate the importance of geo-variables and gradients on marsh resiliency through modeling marsh-estuary systems.
Approach:
1) Assess key metrics through field collection, laboratory analyses, and data mining that link geologic variables with physical forces (such as hydrodynamics and storm events) and ecological responses that can be mapped and assessed over space and time:
A. Organic matter accumulation, inorganic sedimentation, elevation change
Identify foraminifera microfossils as proxies of paleo-marsh type
B. Bathymetric changes
Collect multi-beam bathymetry to compare with past bathymetric maps
C. Shoreface slope and curvature
Derive metrics from multi-beam surveys and satellite imagery
Conduct shoreline survey using GPS during field work in Grand Bay and Pointe aux Chenes.
D. Geology of the marsh shoreline type and/or shallow stratigraphy
Characterize environments, sediment properties, and marsh shoreline types at the surface and, where possible, downcore
E. Short and long-term shoreline change and measurements of lateral sediment flux
Digitize historical topographic-sheets for comparison with modern shorelines to determine change in lateral extent of marsh platform
Collect field and sensor measurements of marsh edge erosion and sediment delivery
F. Marsh-upland boundary change rates
Identify foraminifera and diatom microfossils as proxies of paleo-marsh type, geomorphology, and environmental change
Map depth to peat to determine modern and past lateral and vertical marsh extent
2) Incorporate results from field derived bathymetry, sediment, shoreface, shoreline, and oceanographic data analyses into numerical models to define marsh-estuarine system processes including coastal hydrodynamics (tides, waves) and sediment transport. These models improve our understanding of the interactions and feedbacks between oceanographic processes, geology, geomorphology, and marsh ecology under scenarios of past, present, and future conditions (for example, storms, sea-level change and modified geomorphology) and identify where more information may be required to advance our knowledge of marsh resiliency.
The goal of the estuarine shoreline change project is to define shoreline positions for historical and modern wetland shorelines and calculate rates of change along the U.S. East and Gulf coasts.
The goal of the estuarine shoreline change project is to define shoreline positions for historical and modern wetland shorelines and calculate rates of change along the U.S. East and Gulf coasts.
Indian River Lagoon (IRL) is one of the most biologically diverse estuarine systems in the continental United States, stretching 200 kilometers (km) along the Atlantic coast of central Florida. The width of the lagoon varies between 0.5-9.0 km and is characterized by shallow, brackish waters with significant human development along both shores.
Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St
Scientists from the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center investigated the sedimentary and geochemical properties of the lower reaches of the Pearl River in eastern Louisiana by collecting estuarine, riverine and marsh sediments. This was done in order to increase understanding of the region's environmental history, quantify the deposition associated with
Grand Bay Alabama and Mississippi were surveyed between May and June 2015, using an Edgetech chirp 424 subbottom profiler and a Klein 3900 sidescan sonar. The objective was to characterize the geologic framework of recent estuarine sediment accumulation in the bay. This data release includes the raw chirp subbottom Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG Y) data files, sidescan data files in eXt
Researchers from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) in collaboration with USGS Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center (CFWSC) and St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD) investigated spatial variability of bulk resistivity in the Surficial Aquifer located along the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), Florida, USA.
Continuous resistivity
From April 13 to 20, 2013, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS SPCMSC) collected push cores and vibracores on Dauphin Island, Alabama, along with push and auger cores in salt marshes at several locations in southwestern coastal Alabama. This work, a component of the SPCMSCs Barrier Island Evolution Research (BIER) project, was conducted
This data release features two digitized historical shorelines for the Mississippi (MS) and Alabama (AL) coastline (Pascagoula, MS to Point aux Pins, AL) from 2010 and 2012. The shorelines were heads-up digitized using ArcMap 10.3.1 from 0.5-meter (m) resolution orthorectified aerial photos sourced from the City of Mobile, Alabama (http://maps.cityofmobile.org/gis/gisdata_order.aspx) and 1-m resol
Microfossil (benthic foraminifera) data from coastal areas were collected from state and federally managed lands within the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and Grand Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Grand Bay, Mississippi/Alabama; federally managed lands of Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge on Cedar Island and Little Dauphin Island, Alabama; and municipally managed land around Dauphin
Microfossil (benthic foraminifera) and coordinate/elevation data were obtained from sediments collected in the coastal zones of Mississippi and Alabama, including marsh and estuarine environments of eastern Mississippi Sound and Mobile Bay, in order to develop a census for coastal environments and to aid in paleoenvironmental reconstruction. These data provide a baseline dataset for use in future
This data release archives processed single-beam bathymetry (SBB) data, collected from May 28-June 3, 2015 (USGS Field Activity Number 2015-315-FA) within Grand Bay Mississippi/Alabama, as part of the Sea level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines project (SSIEES). The goal of the SSIEES project is to assess the physical controls of sediment and material exchange between wetl
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of fossilized diatom phytoplankton specimens. The specimens are sampled from salt marsh sediments and help scientists by providing clues to present and past environmental and hydrodynamic characteristics.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of fossilized diatom phytoplankton specimens. The specimens are sampled from salt marsh sediments and help scientists by providing clues to present and past environmental and hydrodynamic characteristics.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of fossilized diatom specimens (microfossils). Diatoms are microscopic phytoplankton (algae) that are found in aquatic environments all over the world. Plankton species have preferences for different water and environmental conditions, such as salt or fresh water, attaching to sand or vegetation, or river versus estuary.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of fossilized diatom specimens (microfossils). Diatoms are microscopic phytoplankton (algae) that are found in aquatic environments all over the world. Plankton species have preferences for different water and environmental conditions, such as salt or fresh water, attaching to sand or vegetation, or river versus estuary.
A net sedimentation tile (NST) is used by scientists to measure surface sediment deposition in wetlands over short time scales. Scientists installed several NSTs on the surface of the marsh to measure sediment deposition. The samples are retrieved and measured in the lab to identify short-term sediment deposition rates on the marsh surface.
A net sedimentation tile (NST) is used by scientists to measure surface sediment deposition in wetlands over short time scales. Scientists installed several NSTs on the surface of the marsh to measure sediment deposition. The samples are retrieved and measured in the lab to identify short-term sediment deposition rates on the marsh surface.
Rapid salt-marsh erosion in Grand Bay, Mississippi
This time-lapse video shows lateral erosion of a salt marsh in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, part of an embayment near the city of Pascagoula, Mississippi, on the US Gulf coast. Wave action over the course of 6.5 months led to about 1.5 meters of erosion.
This time-lapse video shows lateral erosion of a salt marsh in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, part of an embayment near the city of Pascagoula, Mississippi, on the US Gulf coast. Wave action over the course of 6.5 months led to about 1.5 meters of erosion.
A 21-cm marsh peat auger sediment core containing a brown peat above a clayey silty gray sediment layer was collected in the field in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in May, 2016.
A 21-cm marsh peat auger sediment core containing a brown peat above a clayey silty gray sediment layer was collected in the field in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in May, 2016.
Upland peat auger sediment core collected in the field at Grand Bay
A 14-cm upland peat auger sediment core of a brown peat above fine tan silty sand was collected from the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in May, 2016.
A 14-cm upland peat auger sediment core of a brown peat above fine tan silty sand was collected from the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in May, 2016.
Image of the unstructured finite element mesh model grid encompassing the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico
The advanced circulation (ADCIRC) model unstructured finite element mesh spans the western North Atlantic Tidal domain to the 60-degree west meridian, including the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico.
The advanced circulation (ADCIRC) model unstructured finite element mesh spans the western North Atlantic Tidal domain to the 60-degree west meridian, including the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico.
Photo showing complex geomorphology of the Grand Bay marsh landscape
Photo showing the complex geomorphology of the marsh landscape of the Grand Bay National Wildlife Refuge/Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in coastal Alabama and Mississippi. (1) Geology—a tidal creek that at lower sea level than present served as a distributary channel of a river-delta system. (2) Hydrodynamics—wave erosion of the marsh edge.
Photo showing the complex geomorphology of the marsh landscape of the Grand Bay National Wildlife Refuge/Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in coastal Alabama and Mississippi. (1) Geology—a tidal creek that at lower sea level than present served as a distributary channel of a river-delta system. (2) Hydrodynamics—wave erosion of the marsh edge.
Shoreline retreat is a tremendously important issue along the coast of the northern Gulf of Mexico, especially in Louisiana. Although this marine transgression results from a variety of causes, the crucial factor is the difference between marsh surface elevation and rising sea levels. In most cases, the primary cause of a marsh's inability to keep up with sea level is the lack of input of inorgani
Authors
Terrence A. McCloskey, Christopher G. Smith, Kam-Biu Liu, Paul R. Nelson
Benthic foraminiferal assemblages from a ~300 m deep core from an outer carbonate-ramp site off Western Australia (International Ocean Discovery Program Core U1460A) were examined to reconstruct the paleoceanographic evolution of the Carnarvon Ramp and the warm surficial Leeuwin Current (LC) for the last 3.54 Ma. Of the identified 179 benthic foraminiferal species, occurrences of the 15 most abund
Authors
Christian Haller, Pamela Hallock, Albert C. Hine, Christopher G. Smith
As part of the Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines (SSIEES) project, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted a single-beam bathymetry survey within the estuarine, open-bay, and tidal creek environments of Grand Bay, Alabama-Mississippi, from May to June 2015. The goal of the SSIEES project is to a
Authors
Nancy T. DeWitt, Chelsea A. Stalk, Christopher G. Smith, Stanley D. Locker, Jake J. Fredericks, Terrence A. McCloskey, Cathryn J. Wheaton
This study examines the integrated influence of sea level rise (SLR) and future morphology on tidal hydrodynamics along the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) coast including seven embayments and three ecologically and economically significant estuaries. A large-domain hydrodynamic model was used to simulate astronomic tides for present and future conditions (circa 2050 and 2100). Future conditions we
Authors
Davina Passeri, Scott C. Hagen, Nathaniel G. Plant, Matthew V. Bilskie, Stephen C. Medeiros, Karim Alizad
The goal of the Estuarine and MaRsh Geology (EMRG) Research Project is to study how and where short- and long-term marsh and estuarine coastal processes interact, how they influence coastal accretion or erosion, and how they pre-condition a marsh’s resiliency to storms, sea-level change, and human alterations along the northern Gulf of Mexico (Grand Bay and Point aux Chenes, Mississippi and St. Marks, Florida).
Marsh and Estuarine Coastal Processes
Interactions between coastal estuaries, marshes, and upland environments are a complex web of inter-related and inter-connected physical and ecological processes. The Estuarine and MaRsh Geology (EMRG) project focuses on how specific geologic and geomorphic variables such as sediment properties and shoreface slope, respectively, impact the erosion and accretion rates of marsh environments in both the short- and long-term. To do this we use field observations, oceanographic sensors, and field collected sediment samples paired with marsh-estuarine system models run for various scenarios such as with a modified geomorphology or sea-level change.
Project Objectives:
1) Define the key geologic and geomorphic variables that influence marsh width and elevation for each study area,
2) Quantify elevation and geomorphic gradients along natural boundaries (upland-marsh, marsh-estuary, estuary-ocean), and
3) Evaluate the importance of geo-variables and gradients on marsh resiliency through modeling marsh-estuary systems.
Approach:
1) Assess key metrics through field collection, laboratory analyses, and data mining that link geologic variables with physical forces (such as hydrodynamics and storm events) and ecological responses that can be mapped and assessed over space and time:
A. Organic matter accumulation, inorganic sedimentation, elevation change
Identify foraminifera microfossils as proxies of paleo-marsh type
B. Bathymetric changes
Collect multi-beam bathymetry to compare with past bathymetric maps
C. Shoreface slope and curvature
Derive metrics from multi-beam surveys and satellite imagery
Conduct shoreline survey using GPS during field work in Grand Bay and Pointe aux Chenes.
D. Geology of the marsh shoreline type and/or shallow stratigraphy
Characterize environments, sediment properties, and marsh shoreline types at the surface and, where possible, downcore
E. Short and long-term shoreline change and measurements of lateral sediment flux
Digitize historical topographic-sheets for comparison with modern shorelines to determine change in lateral extent of marsh platform
Collect field and sensor measurements of marsh edge erosion and sediment delivery
F. Marsh-upland boundary change rates
Identify foraminifera and diatom microfossils as proxies of paleo-marsh type, geomorphology, and environmental change
Map depth to peat to determine modern and past lateral and vertical marsh extent
2) Incorporate results from field derived bathymetry, sediment, shoreface, shoreline, and oceanographic data analyses into numerical models to define marsh-estuarine system processes including coastal hydrodynamics (tides, waves) and sediment transport. These models improve our understanding of the interactions and feedbacks between oceanographic processes, geology, geomorphology, and marsh ecology under scenarios of past, present, and future conditions (for example, storms, sea-level change and modified geomorphology) and identify where more information may be required to advance our knowledge of marsh resiliency.
The goal of the estuarine shoreline change project is to define shoreline positions for historical and modern wetland shorelines and calculate rates of change along the U.S. East and Gulf coasts.
The goal of the estuarine shoreline change project is to define shoreline positions for historical and modern wetland shorelines and calculate rates of change along the U.S. East and Gulf coasts.
Indian River Lagoon (IRL) is one of the most biologically diverse estuarine systems in the continental United States, stretching 200 kilometers (km) along the Atlantic coast of central Florida. The width of the lagoon varies between 0.5-9.0 km and is characterized by shallow, brackish waters with significant human development along both shores.
Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St
Scientists from the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center investigated the sedimentary and geochemical properties of the lower reaches of the Pearl River in eastern Louisiana by collecting estuarine, riverine and marsh sediments. This was done in order to increase understanding of the region's environmental history, quantify the deposition associated with
Grand Bay Alabama and Mississippi were surveyed between May and June 2015, using an Edgetech chirp 424 subbottom profiler and a Klein 3900 sidescan sonar. The objective was to characterize the geologic framework of recent estuarine sediment accumulation in the bay. This data release includes the raw chirp subbottom Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG Y) data files, sidescan data files in eXt
Researchers from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) in collaboration with USGS Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center (CFWSC) and St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD) investigated spatial variability of bulk resistivity in the Surficial Aquifer located along the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), Florida, USA.
Continuous resistivity
From April 13 to 20, 2013, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS SPCMSC) collected push cores and vibracores on Dauphin Island, Alabama, along with push and auger cores in salt marshes at several locations in southwestern coastal Alabama. This work, a component of the SPCMSCs Barrier Island Evolution Research (BIER) project, was conducted
This data release features two digitized historical shorelines for the Mississippi (MS) and Alabama (AL) coastline (Pascagoula, MS to Point aux Pins, AL) from 2010 and 2012. The shorelines were heads-up digitized using ArcMap 10.3.1 from 0.5-meter (m) resolution orthorectified aerial photos sourced from the City of Mobile, Alabama (http://maps.cityofmobile.org/gis/gisdata_order.aspx) and 1-m resol
Microfossil (benthic foraminifera) data from coastal areas were collected from state and federally managed lands within the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and Grand Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Grand Bay, Mississippi/Alabama; federally managed lands of Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge on Cedar Island and Little Dauphin Island, Alabama; and municipally managed land around Dauphin
Microfossil (benthic foraminifera) and coordinate/elevation data were obtained from sediments collected in the coastal zones of Mississippi and Alabama, including marsh and estuarine environments of eastern Mississippi Sound and Mobile Bay, in order to develop a census for coastal environments and to aid in paleoenvironmental reconstruction. These data provide a baseline dataset for use in future
This data release archives processed single-beam bathymetry (SBB) data, collected from May 28-June 3, 2015 (USGS Field Activity Number 2015-315-FA) within Grand Bay Mississippi/Alabama, as part of the Sea level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines project (SSIEES). The goal of the SSIEES project is to assess the physical controls of sediment and material exchange between wetl
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of fossilized diatom phytoplankton specimens. The specimens are sampled from salt marsh sediments and help scientists by providing clues to present and past environmental and hydrodynamic characteristics.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of fossilized diatom phytoplankton specimens. The specimens are sampled from salt marsh sediments and help scientists by providing clues to present and past environmental and hydrodynamic characteristics.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of fossilized diatom specimens (microfossils). Diatoms are microscopic phytoplankton (algae) that are found in aquatic environments all over the world. Plankton species have preferences for different water and environmental conditions, such as salt or fresh water, attaching to sand or vegetation, or river versus estuary.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of fossilized diatom specimens (microfossils). Diatoms are microscopic phytoplankton (algae) that are found in aquatic environments all over the world. Plankton species have preferences for different water and environmental conditions, such as salt or fresh water, attaching to sand or vegetation, or river versus estuary.
A net sedimentation tile (NST) is used by scientists to measure surface sediment deposition in wetlands over short time scales. Scientists installed several NSTs on the surface of the marsh to measure sediment deposition. The samples are retrieved and measured in the lab to identify short-term sediment deposition rates on the marsh surface.
A net sedimentation tile (NST) is used by scientists to measure surface sediment deposition in wetlands over short time scales. Scientists installed several NSTs on the surface of the marsh to measure sediment deposition. The samples are retrieved and measured in the lab to identify short-term sediment deposition rates on the marsh surface.
Rapid salt-marsh erosion in Grand Bay, Mississippi
This time-lapse video shows lateral erosion of a salt marsh in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, part of an embayment near the city of Pascagoula, Mississippi, on the US Gulf coast. Wave action over the course of 6.5 months led to about 1.5 meters of erosion.
This time-lapse video shows lateral erosion of a salt marsh in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, part of an embayment near the city of Pascagoula, Mississippi, on the US Gulf coast. Wave action over the course of 6.5 months led to about 1.5 meters of erosion.
A 21-cm marsh peat auger sediment core containing a brown peat above a clayey silty gray sediment layer was collected in the field in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in May, 2016.
A 21-cm marsh peat auger sediment core containing a brown peat above a clayey silty gray sediment layer was collected in the field in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in May, 2016.
Upland peat auger sediment core collected in the field at Grand Bay
A 14-cm upland peat auger sediment core of a brown peat above fine tan silty sand was collected from the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in May, 2016.
A 14-cm upland peat auger sediment core of a brown peat above fine tan silty sand was collected from the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in May, 2016.
Image of the unstructured finite element mesh model grid encompassing the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico
The advanced circulation (ADCIRC) model unstructured finite element mesh spans the western North Atlantic Tidal domain to the 60-degree west meridian, including the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico.
The advanced circulation (ADCIRC) model unstructured finite element mesh spans the western North Atlantic Tidal domain to the 60-degree west meridian, including the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico.
Photo showing complex geomorphology of the Grand Bay marsh landscape
Photo showing the complex geomorphology of the marsh landscape of the Grand Bay National Wildlife Refuge/Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in coastal Alabama and Mississippi. (1) Geology—a tidal creek that at lower sea level than present served as a distributary channel of a river-delta system. (2) Hydrodynamics—wave erosion of the marsh edge.
Photo showing the complex geomorphology of the marsh landscape of the Grand Bay National Wildlife Refuge/Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve in coastal Alabama and Mississippi. (1) Geology—a tidal creek that at lower sea level than present served as a distributary channel of a river-delta system. (2) Hydrodynamics—wave erosion of the marsh edge.
Shoreline retreat is a tremendously important issue along the coast of the northern Gulf of Mexico, especially in Louisiana. Although this marine transgression results from a variety of causes, the crucial factor is the difference between marsh surface elevation and rising sea levels. In most cases, the primary cause of a marsh's inability to keep up with sea level is the lack of input of inorgani
Authors
Terrence A. McCloskey, Christopher G. Smith, Kam-Biu Liu, Paul R. Nelson
Benthic foraminiferal assemblages from a ~300 m deep core from an outer carbonate-ramp site off Western Australia (International Ocean Discovery Program Core U1460A) were examined to reconstruct the paleoceanographic evolution of the Carnarvon Ramp and the warm surficial Leeuwin Current (LC) for the last 3.54 Ma. Of the identified 179 benthic foraminiferal species, occurrences of the 15 most abund
Authors
Christian Haller, Pamela Hallock, Albert C. Hine, Christopher G. Smith
As part of the Sea-level and Storm Impacts on Estuarine Environments and Shorelines (SSIEES) project, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center conducted a single-beam bathymetry survey within the estuarine, open-bay, and tidal creek environments of Grand Bay, Alabama-Mississippi, from May to June 2015. The goal of the SSIEES project is to a
Authors
Nancy T. DeWitt, Chelsea A. Stalk, Christopher G. Smith, Stanley D. Locker, Jake J. Fredericks, Terrence A. McCloskey, Cathryn J. Wheaton
This study examines the integrated influence of sea level rise (SLR) and future morphology on tidal hydrodynamics along the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) coast including seven embayments and three ecologically and economically significant estuaries. A large-domain hydrodynamic model was used to simulate astronomic tides for present and future conditions (circa 2050 and 2100). Future conditions we
Authors
Davina Passeri, Scott C. Hagen, Nathaniel G. Plant, Matthew V. Bilskie, Stephen C. Medeiros, Karim Alizad