Conference Papers
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The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
Browse almost 5,000 conference papers authored by our scientists and refine search by topic, location, year, and advanced search.
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A new laboratory approach to shale analysis using NMR relaxometry
Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) relaxometry is a non-invasive technique commonly used to assess hydrogen-bearing fluids in petroleum reservoir rocks. Measurements made using LF-NMR provide information on rock porosity, pore-size distributions, and in some cases, fluid types and saturations (Timur, 1967; Kenyon et al., 1986; Straley et al., 1994; Brown, 2001; Jackson, 2001; Kleinberg,
Authors
Kathryn E. Washburn, Justin E. Birdwell
Characterizing tight-gas systems with production data: Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado
The study of produced fluids allows comparisons among tight-gas systems. This paper examines gas, oil, and water production data from vertical wells in 23 fields in five Rocky Mountain basins of the United States, mostly from wells completed before the year 2000. Average daily rates of gas, oil, and water production are determined two years and seven years after production begins in order to repre
Authors
Philip H. Nelson, Stephen L. Santus
Low salinity hydrocarbon water disposal through deep subsurface drip irrigation: leaching of native selenium
A subsurface drip irrigation system is being used in Wyoming’s Powder River Basin that treats high sodium, low salinity, coal bed methane (CBM) produced water with sulfuric acid and injects it into cropped fields at a depth of 0.92 m. Dissolution of native gypsum releases calcium that combats soil degradation that would otherwise result from high sodium water. Native selenium is leached from soil
Authors
Carleton R. Bern, Mark A. Engle, Adam R. Boehlke, John W. Zupancic
Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of organic content in shales
Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) relaxometry is a non-invasive technique commonly used to assess hydrogen-bearing fluids in petroleum reservoir rocks. Longitudinal T1 and transverse T2 relaxation time measurements made using LF-NMR on conventional reservoir systems provides information on rock porosity, pore size distributions, and fluid types and saturations in some cases. Recent imp
Authors
Kathryn E. Washburn, Justin E. Birdwell, Joseph D. Seymour, Catherine Kirkland, Sarah J. Vogt
NMR measurement of oil shale magnetic relaxation at high magnetic field
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at low field is used extensively to provide porosity and
pore-size distributions in reservoir rocks. For unconventional resources, due to low porosity and
permeability of the samples, much of the signal exists at very short T2 relaxation times. In
addition, the organic content of many shales will also produce signal at short relaxation times.
Despite recent imp
Authors
Joseph D. Seymour, Kathryn E. Washburn, Catherine M. Kirkland, Sarah J. Vogt, Justin E. Birdwell, Sarah L. Codd
Effect of organic matter properties, clay mineral type and thermal maturity on gas adsorption in organic-rich shale systems
A series of CH4 adsorption experiments on natural organic-rich shales, isolated kerogen, clay-rich rocks, and artificially matured Woodford Shale samples were conducted under dry conditions. Our results indicate that physisorption is a dominant process for CH4 sorption, both on organic-rich shales and clay minerals. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of the investigated samples is linea
Authors
Tongwei Zhang, Geoffrey S. Ellis, Stephen C. Ruppel, Kitty Milliken, Mike Lewan, Xun Sun
Geochemical changes and fracture development in Woodford Shale cores following hydrous pyrolysis under uniaxial confinement
A uniaxial confinement clamp was used on Woodford Shale cores in hydrous pyrolysis experiments to study fracture development during thermal maturation. The clamp simulates overburden in that it prevents cores from expanding perpendicular to bedding fabric during the volume-increasing reactions associated with petroleum generation. Cores were cut from a slab of immature Woodford Shale and subjected
Authors
Justin E. Birdwell, Michael D. Lewan, Michael Miller
USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species database with a focus on the introduced fishes of the lower Tennessee and Cumberland drainages
The Nonindigenous Aquatic Species (NAS) database (http://nas.er.usgs.gov) functions as a national repository and clearinghouse for occurrence data for introduced species within the United States. Included is locality information on over 1,100 species of vertebrates, invertebrates, and vascular plants introduced as early as 1850. Taxa include foreign (exotic) species and species native to North Ame
Authors
Pamela L. Fuller, Matthew Cannister
Automated quantitative micro-mineralogical characterization for environmental applications
Characterization of ore and waste-rock material using automated quantitative micro-mineralogical techniques (e.g., QEMSCAN® and MLA) has the potential to complement traditional acid-base accounting and humidity cell techniques when predicting acid generation and metal release. These characterization techniques, which most commonly are used for metallurgical, mineral-processing, and geometallurgica
Authors
Kathleen S. Smith, K.O. Hoal, Katherine Walton-Day, J.G. Stammer, K. Pietersen
Field trial of a pulsed limestone diversion well
The use of limestone diversion wells to treat acid mine drainage (AMD) is well-known, but in many cases, acid neutralization is not as complete as would be desired. Reasons for this include channeling of the water through the limestone bed, and the slow reaction rate of the limestone gravel. A new approach to improve the performance of the diversion well was tested in the field at the Jennings Env
Authors
Philip L. Sibrell, C. Denholm, Margaret Dunn
Noise suppression in surface microseismic data by τ-p transform
Surface passive seismic methods are receiving increased attention for monitoring changes in reservoirs during the production of unconventional oil and gas. However, in passive seismic data the strong cultural and ambient noise (mainly surface-waves) decreases the effectiveness of these techniques. Hence, suppression of surface-waves is a critical step in surface microseismic monitoring.
We apply
Authors
Farnoush Forghani-Arani, Mike Batzle, Jyoti Behura, Mark Willis, Seth Haines, Michael Davidson
Mapping landscape phenology preference of yellow-billed cuckoo with AVHRR data
We mapped habitat for threatened Yellow-billed Cuckoo (Coccycus americanus occidentalis) in the State of Arizona using the temporal greenness dynamics of the landscape, or the landscape phenology. Landscape phenometrics were derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data for 1998 and 1999 by using Fourier harmonic analysis to analyz
Authors
Cynthia S.A. Wallace, Miguel L. Villarreal, Charles van Riper