Publications
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Construction of probabilistic event trees for eruption forecasting at Sinabung volcano, Indonesia 2013–14
Eruptions of Sinabung volcano, Indonesia have been ongoing since 2013. Since that time, the character of eruptions has changed, from phreatic to phreatomagmatic to magmatic explosive eruptions, and from production of a lava dome that collapsed to a subsequent thick lava flow that slowly ceased to be active, and later, to a new lava dome. As the eruption progressed, event trees were constructed to
Authors
Heather M. Wright, John S. Pallister, Wendy A. McCausland, Julia P. Griswold, Supriyati Andreastuti, Agus Budianto, Sofyan Primulyana, Maurizio Battaglia, Angie Diefenbach, John W. Ewert, Peter J. Kelly, Christoph Kern, Martin R. LaFevers, Andrew B. Lockhart, Jeffrey N. Marso, Gari C. Mayberry, Steve P. Schilling, Rick Wessels, Randall A. White, Nurnaning Aisyah, Nugraha Kartadinata, Kristianto, Raditya Putra, Ugan Boyson Saing, Agus Solihin, Yasa Suparman, Devy Damil Syahbana, Hetty Triastuty
Hypocenter relocation along the Sunda arc in Indonesia, using a 3D seismic velocity model
The tectonics of the Sunda arc region is characterized by the junction of the Eurasian and Indo‐Australian tectonic plates, causing complex dynamics to take place. High‐seismicity rates in the Indonesian region occur due to the interaction between these tectonic plates. The availability of a denser network of seismometers after the earthquakes of Mw 9.1 in 2004 and Mw 8.6 in 2005 supports various
Authors
Andri Dian Nugraha, Hasbi A. Shiddiqi, Sri Widiyantoro, Clifford H. Thurber, Jeremy D. Pesicek, Haijiang Zhang, Samsul H. Wiyono, Mohamad Ramadhan, Wandano, Mahsyur Irsyam
Volcanic ash activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in murine and human macrophages
Volcanic ash is a heterogeneous mineral dust that is typically composed of a mixture of amorphous (glass) and crystalline (mineral) fragments. It commonly contains an abundance of the crystalline silica (SiO2) polymorph cristobalite. Inhalation of crystalline silica can induce inflammation by stimulating the NLRP3 inflammasome, a cytosolic receptor complex that plays a critical role in driving inf
Authors
David Damby, Claire J. Horwell, Peter J. Baxter, Ulrich Kueppers, Max Schnurr, Donald B. Dingwell, Peter Duewell
Mass addition at Mount St. Helens, Washington, inferred from repeated gravity surveys
Measurements of subtle changes in the Earth’s gravityfield can provideinformation on the addition/loss of mass (e.g., magma or aqueousfluids) beneath a volcano. In this study, wemeasured gravity at Mount St. Helens from 2010 to 2016 to investigate possible mass changes followingthe 2004–2008 dome-forming eruption. The raw gravity measurements were corrected for changes in themass and shape of Crat
Authors
Maurizio Battaglia, Michael Lisowski, Daniel Dzurisin, Michael P. Poland, Steve Schilling, Angela K. Diefenbach, Jeff Wynn
Sediment erosion and delivery from Toutle River basin after the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens: A 30-year perspective
Exceptional sediment yields persist in Toutle River valley more than 30 years after the major 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. Differencing of decadal-scale digital elevation models shows the elevated load comes largely from persistent lateral channel erosion across the debris-avalanche deposit. Since the mid-1980s, rates of channel-bed-elevation change have diminished, and magnitudes of lateral
Authors
Jon J. Major, Adam R. Mosbrucker, Kurt R. Spicer
Geomorphic response of the Muddy River Basin to the 1980 eruptions of Mount St. Helens, 1980–2000
The 18 May 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens produced a mosaic of primary landscape disturbances that decreased in intensity with distance from the volcano across the headwaters of Muddy River and its tributaries. Subsequent geomorphic responses were influenced by evolving hillslope and channel conditions that affected fluxes of water, sediment, and wood, as well as by an exceptional storm in Febr
Authors
Thomas E. Lisle, Jon J. Major, J. H. Hardison
Explosive eruptions at the summit of Mauna Loa: Lithology, modeling, and dating
Near Moku‘āweoweo, Mauna Loa’s summit caldera, there are three fans of explosive deposits. The fans, located to the west, northwest, and east, are strongly arcuate in map view. Along ‘Āinapō Trail, 2.8–3.5 km southeast of the caldera, there are several small kīpuka that expose a fourth explosive deposit. Although these explosive deposits have been known for some time, no study bearing on the natur
Authors
Frank A. Trusdell, Jefferson Hungerford, John Stone, Keith Fifield, Kaitlin McCann, Harold Wershow, Shikma Zaarur, Melissa Dimeo Boyd
The 2014 eruptions of Pavlof Volcano, Alaska
Pavlof Volcano is one of the most frequently active volcanoes in the Aleutian Island arc, having erupted more than 40 times since observations were first recorded in the early 1800s . The volcano is located on the Alaska Peninsula (lat 55.4173° N, long 161.8937° W), near Izembek National Wildlife Refuge. The towns and villages closest to the volcano are Cold Bay, Nelson Lagoon, Sand Point, and Kin
Authors
Christopher F. Waythomas, Matthew M. Haney, Kristi L. Wallace, Cheryl E. Cameron, David J. Schneider
A field trip guide to the petrology of Quaternary volcanism on the Yellowstone Plateau
The Yellowstone Plateau is one of the largest manifestations of silicic volcanism on Earth, and marks the youngest focus of magmatism associated with the Yellowstone Hot Spot. The earliest products of Yellowstone Hot Spot volcanism are from ~17 million years ago, but may be as old as ~32 Ma, and include contemporaneous eruption of voluminous mafic and silicic magmas, which are mostly located in th
Authors
Jorge A. Vazquez, Mark E. Stelten, Ilya N. Bindeman, Kari Cooper
The timing and origin of pre- and post-caldera volcanism associated with the Mesa Falls Tuff, Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field
We present new sanidine 40Ar/39Ar ages and paleomagnetic data for pre- and post-caldera rhyolites from the second volcanic cycle of the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field, which culminated in the caldera-forming eruption of the Mesa Falls Tuff at ca. 1.3 Ma. These data allow for a detailed reconstruction of the eruptive history of the second volcanic cycle and provide new insights into the petroge
Authors
Mark E. Stelten, Duane E. Champion, Mel A. Kuntz
A new sulfur and carbon degassing inventory for the Southern Central American Volcanic Arc: The importance of accurate time-series datasets and possible tectonic processes responsible for temporal variations in arc-scale volatile emissions
This work presents a new database of SO2 and CO2 fluxes from the Southern Central American Volcanic Arc (SCAVA) for the period 2015–2016. We report ∼300 SO2 flux measurements from 10 volcanoes and gas ratios from 11 volcanoes in Costa Rica and Nicaragua representing the most extensive available assessment of this ∼500 km arc segment. The SO2 flux from SCAVA is estimated at 6,240 ± 1,150 T/d, about
Authors
Maarten de Moor, Christoph Kern, Geoffroy Avard, Cyril Muller, Sandro Aiuppa, Armando Saballos, Martha Ibarra, Peter LaFemina, Mario Protti, Tobias Fischer
Decaying lava extrusion rate at El Reventador Volcano, Ecuador measured using high-resolution satellite radar
Lava extrusion at erupting volcanoes causes rapid changes in topography and morphology on the order of tens or even hundreds of meters. Satellite radar provides a method for measuring changes in topographic height over a given time period to an accuracy of meters, either by measuring the width of radar shadow cast by steep sided features, or by measuring the difference in radar phase between two s
Authors
D. W. D. Arnold, J. Biggs, Kyle R. Anderson, S. Vallejo Vargas, G. Wadge, S. K. Ebmeier, M. F. Naranjo, P. Mothes