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Map of coral core sites
Map of coral core sites
Map of coral core sites
Map of coral core sites

The newly developed USGS Coral Core Archive, housed at the Santa Cruz and St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Centers, contains approximately 500 coral reef cores from U.S. jurisdictions worldwide.

The newly developed USGS Coral Core Archive, housed at the Santa Cruz and St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Centers, contains approximately 500 coral reef cores from U.S. jurisdictions worldwide.

Photo of coral carbonate standards
Photo of coral carbonate standards
Photo of coral carbonate standards
Photo of coral carbonate standards

Photo of coral carbonate standards, arranged from high to low density. To convert CT values to real-world densities and quantify the uncertainty in reconstructed density as a result of offsets, a set of carbonate standards are included in every CT scan that represent a range of coral species with different densities.

Photo of coral carbonate standards, arranged from high to low density. To convert CT values to real-world densities and quantify the uncertainty in reconstructed density as a result of offsets, a set of carbonate standards are included in every CT scan that represent a range of coral species with different densities.

Graph showing relationship between CT intensities and measured density of the coral standards used to calibrate data
Graph showing relationship between CT intensities and measured density of the coral standards used to calibrate data
Graph showing relationship between CT intensities and measured density of the coral standards used to calibrate data
Graph showing relationship between CT intensities and measured density of the coral standards used to calibrate data

Example of the relationship between CT intensities and measured density of the coral standards used to calibrate data. The measured density of the coral standards are compared to the mean intensities of each standard. Linear regressions calculated from the standard values are then used to calibrate data.

Example of the relationship between CT intensities and measured density of the coral standards used to calibrate data. The measured density of the coral standards are compared to the mean intensities of each standard. Linear regressions calculated from the standard values are then used to calibrate data.

CT scan of Orbicella coral sample with no packing material
CT scan of Orbicella coral sample with no packing material
CT scan of Orbicella coral sample with no packing material
CT scan of Orbicella coral sample with no packing material

Orbicella spp. coral sample with no packing material. Center of image is darker than edges. Transect across image shows intensity values lower in the center creating a cupping effect.

Orbicella spp. coral sample with no packing material. Center of image is darker than edges. Transect across image shows intensity values lower in the center creating a cupping effect.

Coral core sample in aluminum tube for scanning
Coral core sample in aluminum tube for scanning
Coral core sample in aluminum tube for scanning
Coral core sample in aluminum tube for scanning

Coral sample in aluminum tube being prepared for scanning. The use of a secondary aluminum filter reduces beam hardening artifacts (rings) while also avoiding attenuating the x-ray beam.

Coral sample in aluminum tube being prepared for scanning. The use of a secondary aluminum filter reduces beam hardening artifacts (rings) while also avoiding attenuating the x-ray beam.

Scan of coral core
Scan of coral core
Scan of coral core
Scan of coral core

Scan of coral core, showing yearly growth rates and the density of the coral, which can in turn be used to determine the calcification, or constructive process responsible for reef growth. 

Scan of coral core, showing yearly growth rates and the density of the coral, which can in turn be used to determine the calcification, or constructive process responsible for reef growth. 

Bare-earth lidar image of Nisqually River Delta
Bare-earth lidar image of Nisqually River Delta
Bare-earth lidar image of Nisqually River Delta
Bare-earth lidar image of Nisqually River Delta

Bare-earth lidar image of the Nisqually River Delta. Lidar has been used to study and restore the delta, where levees have been removed to reconnect tidal lands.

Bare-earth lidar image of the Nisqually River Delta. Lidar has been used to study and restore the delta, where levees have been removed to reconnect tidal lands.

Animated GIF of a landslide near the Monterey-San Luis Obispo County line of Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of a landslide near the Monterey-San Luis Obispo County line of Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of a landslide near the Monterey-San Luis Obispo County line of Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of a landslide near the Monterey-San Luis Obispo County line of Big Sur, California

One image is provided of a landslide near the Monterey-San Luis Obispo County line of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024, and the total topographic change between these dates, which shows both erosion (red) and accretion (blue) of the landscape.

One image is provided of a landslide near the Monterey-San Luis Obispo County line of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024, and the total topographic change between these dates, which shows both erosion (red) and accretion (blue) of the landscape.

Animated GIF of three images showing Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of three images showing Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of three images showing Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of three images showing Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California

Three images are provided of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Three images are provided of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Animated GIF of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California v2
Animated GIF of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California v2
Animated GIF of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California v2
Animated GIF of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California v2

Three images are provided of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Three images are provided of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Animated GIF of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California v1
Animated GIF of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California v1
Animated GIF of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California v1

Three images are provided of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Three images are provided of Mud Creek landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California v3
Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California v3
Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California v3

Three images are provided of Paul’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Three images are provided of Paul’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California v2
Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California v2
Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California v2

Three images are provided of Paul’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs.  The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Three images are provided of Paul’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs.  The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California v1
Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California v1
Animated GIF of Paul's Slide in Big Sur, California v1

Three images are provided of Paul’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs.  The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Three images are provided of Paul’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first two images show different oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs.  The third image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Animated GIF of Willow Creek Slide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Willow Creek Slide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Willow Creek Slide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Willow Creek Slide in Big Sur, California

An image is provided of the Willow Creek landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. Images show oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. All 3-dimensional landscape data derived by USGS photogrammetry techniques. 

An image is provided of the Willow Creek landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. Images show oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. All 3-dimensional landscape data derived by USGS photogrammetry techniques. 

Animated GIF of Lopez Point landslide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Lopez Point landslide in Big Sur, California v2
Animated GIF of Lopez Point landslide in Big Sur, California v2
Animated GIF of Lopez Point landslide in Big Sur, California v2

Two images are provided of the Regent’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first image shows oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The second image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Two images are provided of the Regent’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first image shows oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The second image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Animated GIF of Lopez Point landslide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Lopez Point landslide in Big Sur, California v1
Animated GIF of Lopez Point landslide in Big Sur, California v1
Animated GIF of Lopez Point landslide in Big Sur, California v1

Two images are provided of the Regent’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first image shows oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The second image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Two images are provided of the Regent’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. The first image shows oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. The second image shows shaded relief topography of the landscape during Feb.

Animated GIF of Regent's Slide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Regent's Slide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Regent's Slide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Regent's Slide in Big Sur, California

An image is provided of the Regent’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. Images show oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. All 3-dimensional landscape data derived by USGS photogrammetry techniques. 

An image is provided of the Regent’s landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. Images show oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. All 3-dimensional landscape data derived by USGS photogrammetry techniques. 

Animated GIF of Dolan Point landslide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Dolan Point landslide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Dolan Point landslide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Dolan Point landslide in Big Sur, California

An image is provided of the Dolan Point landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. Images show oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. All 3-dimensional landscape data derived by USGS photogrammetry techniques. 

An image is provided of the Dolan Point landslide of Big Sur, California during Feb. 23 and April 6, 2024. Images show oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs. All 3-dimensional landscape data derived by USGS photogrammetry techniques. 

Animated GIF of Rocky Creek landslide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Rocky Creek landslide in Big Sur, California v2
Animated GIF of Rocky Creek landslide in Big Sur, California v2
Animated GIF of Rocky Creek landslide in Big Sur, California v2

Two images are provided of the Rocky Creek landslide that resulted in closure of California State Highway 1. The images above show views of the Rocky Creek landslide, California before (Feb. 23, 2024) and after (April 6, 2024) the slope failure. Images show oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs.

Two images are provided of the Rocky Creek landslide that resulted in closure of California State Highway 1. The images above show views of the Rocky Creek landslide, California before (Feb. 23, 2024) and after (April 6, 2024) the slope failure. Images show oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs.

Animated GIF of Rocky Creek landslide in Big Sur, California
Animated GIF of Rocky Creek landslide in Big Sur, California v1
Animated GIF of Rocky Creek landslide in Big Sur, California v1
Animated GIF of Rocky Creek landslide in Big Sur, California v1

Two images are provided of the Rocky Creek landslide that resulted in closure of California State Highway 1. The images above show views of the Rocky Creek landslide, California before (Feb. 23, 2024) and after (April 6, 2024) the slope failure. Images show oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs.

Two images are provided of the Rocky Creek landslide that resulted in closure of California State Highway 1. The images above show views of the Rocky Creek landslide, California before (Feb. 23, 2024) and after (April 6, 2024) the slope failure. Images show oblique perspectives of the landscape topography colored by the actual colors from the photographs.