Publications
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A mantle-driven surge in magma supply to Kīlauea Volcano during 2003-2007
The eruptive activity of a volcano is fundamentally controlled by the rate of magma supply. At Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, the rate of magma rising from a source within Earth’s mantle, through the Hawaiian hotspot, was thought to have been relatively steady in recent decades. Here we show that the magma supply to Kīlauea at least doubled during 2003–2007, resulting in dramatic changes in eruptive ac
Authors
Michael P. Poland, Asta Miklius, A. Jeff Sutton, Carl R. Thornber
Gravity fluctuations induced by magma convection at Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i
Convection in magma chambers is thought to play a key role in the activity of persistently active volcanoes, but has only been inferred indirectly from geochemical observations or simulated numerically. Continuous microgravity measurements, which track changes in subsurface mass distribution over time, provide a potential method for characterizing convection in magma reservoirs. We recorded gravit
Authors
Daniele Carbone, Michael P. Poland
The ICDP Snake River Geothermal Drilling Project: preliminary overview of borehole geophysics
Hotspot: The Snake River Geothermal Drilling Project was undertaken to better understand the geothermal systems in three locations across the Snake River Plain with varying geological and hydrological structure. An extensive series of standard and specialized geophysical logs were obtained in each of the wells. Hydrogen-index neutron and γ-γ density logs employing active sources were deployed thro
Authors
Douglas R. Schmitt, Lee M. Liberty, James E. Kessler, Jochem Kuck, Randolph Kofman, Ross Bishop, John W. Shervais, James P. Evans, Duane E. Champion
Modeling the formation of porphyry-copper ores
Porphyry-copper ore systems, the source of much of the world's copper and molybdenum, form when metal-bearing fluids are expelled from shallow, degassing magmas. On page 1613 of this issue, Weis et al. (1) demonstrate that self-organizing processes focus metal deposition. Specifically, their simulation studies indicate that ores develop as consequences of dynamic variations in rock permeability dr
Authors
Steven E. Ingebritsen
Heat flow in vapor dominated areas of the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field: implications for the thermal budget of the Yellowstone Caldera
Characterizing the vigor of magmatic activity in Yellowstone requires knowledge of the mechanisms and rates of heat transport between magma and the ground surface. We present results from a heat flow study in two vapor dominated, acid-sulfate thermal areas in the Yellowstone Caldera, the 0.11 km2 Obsidian Pool Thermal Area (OPTA) and the 0.25 km2 Solfatara Plateau Thermal Area (SPTA). Conductive h
Authors
Shaul Hurwitz, Robert Harris, Cynthia Anne Werner, Fred Murphy
The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
Redoubt Volcano, an ice-covered stratovolcano on the west side of Cook Inlet, erupted in March 2009 after several months of escalating unrest. The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano shares many similarities with eruptions documented most recently at Redoubt in 1966–68 and 1989–90. In each case, the eruptive phase lasted several months, consisted of multiple ashproducing explosions, produced andesiti
Authors
Katharine F. Bull, Cheryl Cameron, Michelle L. Coombs, Angie Diefenbach, Taryn Lopez, Steve McNutt, Christina A. Neal, Allison Payne, John A. Power, David J. Schneider, William E. Scott, Seth Snedigar, Glenn Thompson, Kristi L. Wallace, Christopher F. Waythomas, Peter Webley, Cynthia A. Werner
Water and heat transport in boreal soils: Implications for soil response to climate change
Soil water content strongly affects permafrost dynamics by changing the soil thermal properties. However, the movement of liquid water, which plays an important role in the heat transport of temperate soils, has been under-represented in boreal studies. Two different heat transport models with and without convective heat transport were compared to measurements of soil temperatures in four boreal s
Authors
Zhaosheng Fan, Jennifer W. Harden, G.C. Winston, Jonathan A. O'Donnell, Jason C. Neff, Tingjun Zhang, Hugo Veldhuis, C.I. Czimczik
‘Measurement of Clay Surface Areas by Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) Sorption: A New Method for Quantifying Illite and Smectite Abundance’
No abstract available.
Authors
Alex E. Blum, Lopaka Lee, Dennis D. Eberl
Vulnerability of high-latitude soil organic carbon in North America to disturbance
This synthesis addresses the vulnerability of the North American high-latitude soil organic carbon (SOC) pool to climate change. Disturbances caused by climate warming in arctic, subarctic, and boreal environments can result in significant redistribution of C among major reservoirs with potential global impacts. We divide the current northern high-latitude SOC pools into (1) near-surface soils whe
Authors
Guido Grosse, Jennifer W. Harden, Merritt Turetsky, A. David McGuire, Philip Camill, Charles Tarnocai, Steve Frolking, Edward A.G. Schuur, Torre Jorgenson, Sergei Marchenko, Vladimir Romanovsky, Kimberly P. Wickland, Nancy French, Mark P. Waldrop, Laura L. Bourgeau-Chavez, Robert G. Striegl
The role of dyking and fault control in the rapid onset of eruption at Chaitén Volcano, Chile
Rhyolite is the most viscous of liquid magmas, so it was surprising that on 2 May 2008 at Chaitén Volcano, located in Chile’s southern Andean volcanic zone, rhyolitic magma migrated from more than 5 km depth in less than 4 hours and erupted explosively with only two days of detected precursory seismic activity. The last major rhyolite eruption before that at Chaitén was the largest volcanic erupti
Authors
Charles W. Wicks, J. Carlos de la Llera, Luis E. Lara, Jacob B. Lowenstern
Thermal mapping of Hawaiian volcanoes with ASTER satellite data
Thermal mapping of volcanoes is important to determine baseline thermal behavior in order to judge future thermal activity that may precede an eruption. We used cloud-free kinetic temperature images from the ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) sensor obtained between 2000 and 2010 to produce thermal maps for all five subaerial volcanoes in Hawai‘i that have
Authors
Matthew R. Patrick, Coral-Nadine Witzke
Columbia River Estuary ecosystem classification—Concept and application
This document describes the concept, organization, and application of a hierarchical ecosystem classification that integrates saline and tidal freshwater reaches of estuaries in order to characterize the ecosystems of large flood plain rivers that are strongly influenced by riverine and estuarine hydrology. We illustrate the classification by applying it to the Columbia River estuary (Oregon-Washi
Authors
Charles A. Simenstad, Jennifer L. Burke, Jim E. O'Connor, Charles Cannon, Danelle W. Heatwole, Mary F. Ramirez, Ian R. Waite, Timothy D. Counihan, Krista L. Jones