March 6, 2025 — Gas plume a day after the end of episode 12 at Kīlauea's summit

A day after the end of episode 12 of the ongoing eruption at Kīlauea's summit, volcanic gas emissions continue from the recently active north and south cones on the western edge of Halema‘uma‘u. Most of the gas consists of water vapor (the primary volcanic gas), with sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and other gases. Sulfur dioxide emissions are causing vog downwind of the summit area. When this photo was taken the morning of March 6, the emission rate was approximately 1,200 tons of SO₂ per day, similar to other periods between eruptive episodes in the ongoing eruption. USGS photo by N. Deligne.