September 15, 2024—InSAR image of Kīlauea intrusion

This map shows recent deformation at Kīlauea over the timeframe of September 2–14, 2024. Data were acquired by the European Space Agency's Sentinel-1A satellite. Colored fringes denote areas of ground deformation, with more fringes indicating more deformation. Each color cycle represents 2.8 cm (1.1 in) of ground motion. The symbol in the upper left indicates the satellite's orbit direction (arrow) and look direction (bar). The butterfly-shaped feature between Pauahi and Makaopuhi Craters on the middle East Rift Zone indicates ground surface extension over this time period as magma intruded underground. Increased earthquake activity associated with the intrusion of magma began around 4 p.m. HST on September 14 and is ongoing as of the afternoon of September 15, though it has decreased in intensity. The largest earthquake during the magmatic intrusion, a magnitude-4.3 in the south part of Kaluapele (the caldera), was associated with slip along one of the outer caldera faults—a consequence of stress changes due to the intrusion. For information about interpreting interferograms, see this "Volcano Watch" article: Reading the rainbow: How to interpret an interferogram.