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Are there any restrictions for using generative artificial intelligence (AI) outputs directly in USGS scientific information products? [210]

By Office of Science Quality and Integrity

Yes, there are restrictions to consider including authorship, images, peer review, and information technology system security. [Read more]

Yes, there are restrictions and Fundamental Science Practices (FSP) compliance requirements to consider: 

  • Generative AI is not to be used to author or co-author scientific information products—USGS authorship lies with human researchers; AI systems are not authors or co-authors. USGS authorship implies agency backing and carries responsibilities that USGS employees  follow as described in FSP Survey Manual (SM) policy SM 502.10 which characterizes authorship being performed by human researchers.  
  • Generative AI is not to be used by USGS-initiated reviewers to perform peer reviews (SM 502.3) or names reviews (SM 502.4).   
  • Generative AI can be used as a writing improvement tool; however, human authors are responsible for scientific information products and for any modifications introduced by use of AI tools. Additionally, AI-generated outputs must follow the same review and approval requirements as other USGS scientific information products (SM 502.4).  
  • AI-generated images are to be created solely from original images for which the creator may hold a copyright (and use permission is required) or from public domain sources where no copyright restrictions apply. Using copyrighted material in USGS information products without written permission from the copyright holder is prohibited (SM 1100.6). 
  • Use of AI in generating code must be disclosed to maintain transparency and scientific integrity. Refer to SM 500.25, SM Instructional Memoranda (IM) policy IM OSQI 2019-01, USGS Software Management, and the Federal Open Source Code for additional information. Scientists are responsible for the accuracy and quality of AI-generated code, which must undergo rigorous testing and validation. AI-generated code should not replace human judgment and expertise and must comply with information technology (IT) system security requirements set forth by the Associate Chief Information Officer (ACIO) and the Chief Data Officer.  
  • Generative AI tools, software, and hardware must be approved by the USGS-ACIO and Department of the Interior before being used.   
  • Any use of generative AI should be described and documented in the information product to ensure that any AI-generated outputs meet the standards of scientific quality and integrity, accuracy, reproducibility, and transparency before being included in USGS scientific information products. 
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