The northern High Plains of Colorado is an area of about 9,500 mi2 (24,600 km2) in the eastern part of the State (index map). The boundaries of the High Plains of Colorado are the State line and the limit of the Ogallala Formation of late Tertiary age. The Ogallala Formation is an unconsolidated or partly consolidated deposit of sand, gravel, clay, and silt and is the major aquifer in the northern High Plains.