Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Rodney R Caldwell
Rod Caldwell is a Supervisory Hydrologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center.
His professional career is based on working with USGS colleagues, scientists from other agencies, resource managers, and the public to design and implement scientific investigations to increase the understanding of hydrologic systems while providing needed information for resource management.
He began his career with the USGS in 1990 in Oregon and transferred to Montana in 1998 and has since worked on hydrologic investigations in Idaho, Montana, Washington, and Wyoming. He was the National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Northern Rockies Intermontane Basins Groundwater Specialist from 1998 to 2004. He was the Water-Use Specialist for the Western United States from 2016 to 2020. He has been a project hydrologist for several geologic framework, groundwater assessment, groundwater/surface-water interaction, and water-quality studies. Current work includes the Hydrologic Assessment of the Blackfeet Reservation and the Clark Fork Superfund projects.
Professional Experience
2024-present, Surface Water and Groundwater Section Chief, U.S. Geological Survey, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center, Helena, MT
1998-2024 Hydrologist, U.S. Geological Survey, Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center, Helena, MT
1990-1998 Hydrologist, U.S. Geological Survey, Oregon Water Science Center, Portland, OR
1988-1989, Scientific Investigator, Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, IL
Education and Certifications
M.S. Geology/Geohydrology, Portland State University, 1993
B.S. Geology, University of Illinois, 1989
Honors and Awards
U.S. Department of the Interior, Safety and Health Award of Excellence, 2015
U.S. Geological Survey, Safety and Occupational Health Award of Excellence, 2015
Science and Products
Restoration Effectiveness Monitoring in the Vermilion River
Hydrologic Assessment of the Blackfeet Reservation, Montana
Verification Datasets of Irrigation Status of Agricultural Lands in Select Areas of Montana, 2019 and 2020
Water Use in Wyoming
Water Use in Montana
Establishment of a baseline groundwater monitoring program in an area identified for energy development on the Blackfeet Reservation, Montana
Hydrologic Assessment with an Emphasis on Water Quality within the Lame Deer Creek Watershed, Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Montana
Smith River Watershed Investigations
Daily Streamflow Data of Swift Reservoir Outflow and Selected Diversions from Birch Creek, Pondera County, Montana, January 2020 through December 2022
Water Resources of the Energy Development Area of the Williston Basin in Eastern Montana, Western North Dakota, and Northwest South Dakota
Data on Produced Water Quality and Quantities from Hydraulically Fractured Williston Basin Oil Wells
Verified Irrigated Agricultural Lands for the United States, 2002-17
2015 calendar-year county-level estimates of actual evapotranspiration for the conterminous United States and Hawaii
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Installation of USGS streamflow gaging station 06098120 Birch Creek at Bullhead Bridge near Valier, MT.
Installation of USGS streamflow gaging station 06098120 Birch Creek at Bullhead Bridge near Valier, MT.
Establishing a survey base station in Lame Deer, Montana
Establishing a survey base station in Lame Deer, Montana
Measuring the groundwater level in a well near Lame Deer, Montana
Measuring the groundwater level in a well near Lame Deer, Montana
Measuring discharge of Lame Deer Creek near Lame Deer, Montana
Measuring discharge of Lame Deer Creek near Lame Deer, Montana
An oil well on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
An oil well on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
Blackfeet Environmental Office personnel take a groundwater-level measurement on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
Blackfeet Environmental Office personnel take a groundwater-level measurement on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Climate Response Network—2023
U.S. Geological Survey and Blackfeet Water Department Hydrologic Assessment of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation, Montana
Potential effects of energy development on environmental resources of the Williston Basin in Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota—Water resources
Insights on geochemical, isotopic, and volumetric compositions of produced water from hydraulically fractured Williston Basin oil wells
Tracing produced water origins from wells hydraulically fractured with freshwater-based fluids is sometimes predicated on assumptions that (1) each geological formation contains compositionally unique brine and (2) produced water from recently hydraulically fractured wells resembles fresher meteoric water more so than produced water from older wells. These assumptions are not valid in Williston Ba
Documentation of methods and inventory of irrigation information collected for the 2015 U.S. Geological Survey estimated use of water in the United States
Estimated use of water in the United States in 2015
Using remote sensing to characterize and compare evapotranspiration from different irrigation regimes in the Smith River Watershed of central Montana
Evaluating the impact of irrigation on surface water – groundwater interaction and stream temperature in an agricultural watershed
Quality and age of shallow groundwater in the Bakken Formation production area, Williston Basin, Montana and North Dakota
A precipitation-runoff model for simulating natural streamflow conditions in the Smith River watershed, Montana, water years 1996-2008
Occurrence and hydrogeochemistry of radiochemical constituents in groundwater of Jefferson County and surrounding areas, southwestern Montana, 2007 through 2010
Groundwater and surface-water interaction within the upper Smith River Watershed, Montana 2006-2010
Groundwater Climate Response Network Mapper
The USGS Groundwater Climate Response Network (CRN) is a system of wells and springs selected to monitor the effects of climate variability on groundwater systems nationwide.
Science and Products
Restoration Effectiveness Monitoring in the Vermilion River
Hydrologic Assessment of the Blackfeet Reservation, Montana
Verification Datasets of Irrigation Status of Agricultural Lands in Select Areas of Montana, 2019 and 2020
Water Use in Wyoming
Water Use in Montana
Establishment of a baseline groundwater monitoring program in an area identified for energy development on the Blackfeet Reservation, Montana
Hydrologic Assessment with an Emphasis on Water Quality within the Lame Deer Creek Watershed, Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Montana
Smith River Watershed Investigations
Daily Streamflow Data of Swift Reservoir Outflow and Selected Diversions from Birch Creek, Pondera County, Montana, January 2020 through December 2022
Water Resources of the Energy Development Area of the Williston Basin in Eastern Montana, Western North Dakota, and Northwest South Dakota
Data on Produced Water Quality and Quantities from Hydraulically Fractured Williston Basin Oil Wells
Verified Irrigated Agricultural Lands for the United States, 2002-17
2015 calendar-year county-level estimates of actual evapotranspiration for the conterminous United States and Hawaii
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Birch Creek near Valier streamgage
Installation of USGS streamflow gaging station 06098120 Birch Creek at Bullhead Bridge near Valier, MT.
Installation of USGS streamflow gaging station 06098120 Birch Creek at Bullhead Bridge near Valier, MT.
Establishing a survey base station in Lame Deer, Montana
Establishing a survey base station in Lame Deer, Montana
Measuring the groundwater level in a well near Lame Deer, Montana
Measuring the groundwater level in a well near Lame Deer, Montana
Measuring discharge of Lame Deer Creek near Lame Deer, Montana
Measuring discharge of Lame Deer Creek near Lame Deer, Montana
An oil well on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
An oil well on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
Blackfeet Environmental Office personnel take a groundwater-level measurement on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
Blackfeet Environmental Office personnel take a groundwater-level measurement on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Climate Response Network—2023
U.S. Geological Survey and Blackfeet Water Department Hydrologic Assessment of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation, Montana
Potential effects of energy development on environmental resources of the Williston Basin in Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota—Water resources
Insights on geochemical, isotopic, and volumetric compositions of produced water from hydraulically fractured Williston Basin oil wells
Tracing produced water origins from wells hydraulically fractured with freshwater-based fluids is sometimes predicated on assumptions that (1) each geological formation contains compositionally unique brine and (2) produced water from recently hydraulically fractured wells resembles fresher meteoric water more so than produced water from older wells. These assumptions are not valid in Williston Ba
Documentation of methods and inventory of irrigation information collected for the 2015 U.S. Geological Survey estimated use of water in the United States
Estimated use of water in the United States in 2015
Using remote sensing to characterize and compare evapotranspiration from different irrigation regimes in the Smith River Watershed of central Montana
Evaluating the impact of irrigation on surface water – groundwater interaction and stream temperature in an agricultural watershed
Quality and age of shallow groundwater in the Bakken Formation production area, Williston Basin, Montana and North Dakota
A precipitation-runoff model for simulating natural streamflow conditions in the Smith River watershed, Montana, water years 1996-2008
Occurrence and hydrogeochemistry of radiochemical constituents in groundwater of Jefferson County and surrounding areas, southwestern Montana, 2007 through 2010
Groundwater and surface-water interaction within the upper Smith River Watershed, Montana 2006-2010
Groundwater Climate Response Network Mapper
The USGS Groundwater Climate Response Network (CRN) is a system of wells and springs selected to monitor the effects of climate variability on groundwater systems nationwide.