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Case definitions provide a standardized, science-based set of criteria for diagnosing disease and pathogens. This manual provides case definitions for selected diseases of importance to wildlife in Canada and the United States.

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January 1, 2002

[Book review] Epiphytic Lichen Diversity and its Dependence on Chemical Site Factors in Differently Elevated Dieback-affected Spruce Stands of the Harz Mountains, by Volker Hesse

Review of: Epiphytic lichen diversity and its dependence on chemical site factors in differently elevated dieback-affected spruce stands of the Harz Mountains. (Dissertationes Botanicae, Band 354). Volker Hesse. 2002. 191 pages, 66 figures, 49 tables, 23x14cm, 390 g. ISBN 978-3-443-64266-2.

Authors

J. P. Bennett

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2002

Possible importance of algal toxins in the Salton Sea, California

In response to wildlife mortality including unexplained eared grebe (Podiceps nigricollis) die-off events in 1992 and 1994 and other mortality events including large fish kills, a survey was conducted for the presence of algal toxins in the Salton Sea. Goals of this survey were to determine if and when algal toxins are present in the Salton Sea and to describe the phytoplankton composition during

Authors

Kristen M. Reifel, M. P. McCoy, Tonie E. Rocke, M. A. Tiffany, S. H. Hurlbert, D. J. Faulkner

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center, Salton Sea

January 1, 2002

Climate warming and disease risks for terrestrial and marine biota

Infectious diseases can cause rapid population declines or species extinctions. Many pathogens of terrestrial and marine taxa are sensitive to temperature, rainfall, and humidity, creating synergisms that could affect biodiversity. Climate warming can increase pathogen development and survival rates, disease transmission, and host susceptibility. Although most host-parasite systems are predicted t

Authors

C. D. Harvell, C. E. Mitchell, J. R. Ward, S. Altizer, A. P. Dobson, R. S. Ostfeld, Michael D. Samuel

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2002

PCR und ELISA - Alternativen zum Maustest für die Analyse des Botulismus-Neurotoxin-C1 Giftbildungspotentiales in Umweltproben? [PCR and ELISA - in vitro alternatives to the mouse-bioassay for assessing the botulinum-neurotoxin-C1 production potential in

Botulism is one of the most important bird diseases world-wide and is caused by the intoxication with Botulinum-Neurotoxin-C1 (BoNt-C1), which is produced by toxigenic clostridia under appropriate conditions. Avian botulism leads regularly to large losses among the migrating bird populations breeding and resting at the saltwater pools of the Austrian national park Neusiedler See-Seewinkel. Despite

Authors

T.C. Zechmeister, A.H. Farnleitner, T.E. Rocke, F. Pittner, R. Rosengarten, R.L. Mach, A. Herzig, A.K.T. Kirschner

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2002

Blood selenium concentrations and enzyme activities related to glutathione metabolism in wild emperor geese

In 1998, we collected blood samples from 63 emperor geese (Chen canagica) on their breeding grounds on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) in western Alaska, USA. We studied the relationship between selenium concentrations in whole blood and the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in plasma. Experimental studies have shown that plasma activities of these enzymes are useful b

Authors

J. Christian Franson, David J. Hoffman, Joel A. Schmutz

Ecosystems Mission Area, Eastern Ecological Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Alaska Science Center

January 1, 2002

Spent shot availability and ingestion on areas managed for mourning doves

Mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) hunting is becoming increasingly popular, especially in managed shooting fields. Given the possible increase in the availability of lead (Pb) shot on these areas, our objective was to estimate availability and ingestion of spent shot at the Eagle Bluffs Conservation Area (EBCA, hunted with nontoxic shot) and the James A. Reed Memorial Wildlife Area (JARWA, hunted w

Authors

J.H. Schulz, J.J. Millspaugh, B.E. Washburn, G.R. Wester, J. T. Lanigan, J. C. Franson

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2002

Fatal spirochetosis due to a relapsing fever-like Borrelia sp. in northern spotted owl

Acute septicemic spirochetosis was diagnosed in an adult male northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) found dead in Kittitas County, Washington, USA. Gross necropsy findings included marked enlargement of the liver and spleen and serofibrinous deposits on the serous membranes lining the body cavities and the pericardial and perihepatic sacs. Microscopic observations included macrophage i

Authors

N. J. Thomas, J. Bunikis, A.G. Barbour, M. J. Wolcott

Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

January 1, 2002