Data

Gas chemical and isotopic compositions are reported for samples collected from 9 volcanic and geothermal areas in California: Medicine Lake Volcano, Mount Shasta, Lassen Volcanic Center, Clear Lake Volcanic Field, Mono Lake Volcanic Field, Long Valley Caldera, Mammoth Mountain, Coso Volcanic Field, and Salton Sea Geothermal Field. Beginning in 2014, gas samples were collected as part of the USGS C

The 2.1 Ma Clear Lake Volcanic Field (Donnelly-Nolan and others, 1981) and the 174 km2 Clear Lake are located ~150 km north of San Francisco, California. Sulphur Bank Mercury Mine (SBMM) is an abandoned mine located on the eastern shore of Clear Lake that was initially worked in 1865 for sulfur, then for mercury until it closed in 1957 (White and Roberson, 1962). The mine was declared a Superfund

The geologic map database in this data release is a reproduction of the U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1762: Volcanic Processes and Geology of Augustine Volcano, Alaska, Waitt and Begét (2009). The database consists of a geologic map and one structural cross section that conform to the National Geologic Map Schema (GeMS). These data supersede USGS Data Series 677: Database for Volcanic

Between April and August 2009 four water samples were collected from the outflow channel of Old Faithful Geyser in the Upper Geyser Bain, Yellowstone National Park. The samples were collected during the main phase of the eruptions when water flow was at maximum rate. In addition, two samples of stream flow were collected in November 2016 from the Firehole River near the U.S. Geological Survey gagi

Kilauea volcano (Hawaii, USA) is a shield volcano that exhibits both effusive and explosive eruptive activity. Although Kilauea has been predominantly built through effusive eruptions, explosive eruptions have occurred repeatedly at both Kilauea's summit and in the volcano's lower East Rift Zone (Moore, 1992; Swanson et al., 2014). This dataset presents geochemical analyses of samples from Kapoho

This data release contains materials related to the spheroid90gp software package, including pre-trained Gaussian Process emulators and model input files. The emulators predict cavity compressibility and surface displacements produced by pressure changes in a vertical spheroidal cavity embedded in an elastic halfspace. The methodology is documented in a journal publication ("Computationally effici

There are 161 active volcanoes in the U.S. and its territories. These volcanoes pose differing degrees of risk to people and infrastructure because of differences in their eruptive styles and geographic locations. This layer shows the areas near volcanic vents that could be affected by proximal volcano hazards, including ballistics (airborne rocks from explosions), pyroclastic density currents, la

The 2018 eruption from the lower East Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano, on the Island of Hawaiʻi, was one of the most significant and destructive events on the volcano in the past 200 years (Neal and others, 2019; Patrick and others, 2020; Anderson and others, 2023; Mulliken and others, 2024). Between May and September of that year, 24 fissures opened on the lower flank of the volcano, producing lava

This data release contains results of model simulations of a plume at Kilauea volcano that occurred on 20 December 2020. The ash-poor plume was produced when lava flowed into a water lake at the summit of Kilauea volcano. Simulations were conducted to constrain the conditions under which the plume rose to its observed height. The analysis and results are described in the accompanying paper: Cahala

Measurement of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rates is a critical aspect of monitoring and studying active volcanoes. Changes in emission rate are often associated with changes in volcanic activity and in some cases may herald future changes in activity. At the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO), emission rates of SO2 from Hawaiian volcanoes have been measured by ultraviolet spectrometer since the

The 1983-2018 Puʻuʻōʻō eruption, on the East Rift Zone of Kīlauea volcano, consisted of many different episodes and several phases of lava flows threatening residential areas (Heliker and Mattox 2003; Orr and others 2015).  One of these crises occurred in 2014-2015, when lava erupting from Puʻuʻōʻō advanced north of the rift zone, towards the town of Pāhoa (Poland and others 2016; Brantley and o

This dataset includes sample information, vesicularity by pycnometer, grain size and shape data by CAMSIZER, and measurements of crushed and thin section mounted grains by microscope. All studied samples were from scoria and air-fall-tephra deposits (most formed in Hawaiian lava fountains) collected around the summits of Mauna Loa and Kīlauea volcanoes, Island of Hawaiʻi. These data were used to d