Book Chapters
Science Quality and Integrity
The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
Browse more than 5,500 book chapters authored by our scientists over the past 100+ year history of the USGS and refine search by topic, location, year, and advanced search.
Filter Total Items: 6071
A shrubbier future: Forest transformation in the eastern Jemez Mountains
No abstract available.
Authors
Craig D. Allen
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is the remote elemental analysis technique used by the ChemCam instrument on the Curiosity rover. LIBS involves remotely ablating material from rocks and soils with a focused high-energy laser, which generates an optically excited plasma from which the elements in the rock or soil sample are quantitatively determined. The LIBS technique offers many advan
Authors
Samuel M. Clegg, Ryan Anderson, Noureddine Melikechi
Historical range and variation (HRV)
Fire-prone landscapes are experiencing rapid and potentially persistent changes as the result of complex and potentially novel interactions of anthropogenic climate changes, shifting fire regimes, exotic plant, insect, and pathogen invasions, and industrial, agricultural, and urban development. Are these landscapes fully departed from historical conditions? Should they be managed as novel environ
Authors
Robert Keane, Rachel A. Loehman
Simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) model
Simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) models are useful for accommodating various forms of dependence among data that have discrete support in a space of interest. These models are often specified hierarchically as mixed-effects regression models with first-moment structure controlled by a conventional linear regression term and second-moment structure induced by correlated random effects. In their ge
Authors
Mevin Hooten, Jay M. Ver Hoef, Ephraim M. Hanks
Unintentional and intentional poisoning or harassment of cranes related to agriculture
No abstract available.
Authors
Jane E. Austin
Conversion of wetlands for agriculture and other land development
No abstract available.
Authors
Jane E. Austin
Earthquakes, PAGER
PAGER, short for Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response, is an automated system developed and run by the US Geological Survey (USGS) that produces information concerning the impact of significant earthquakes around the world within approximately 20 min of any magnitude 5.5 or larger event. PAGER rapidly assesses earthquake impacts by combining populations exposed to estimates of shak
Authors
David J. Wald, Kishor S. Jaiswal, Kristin Marano, Mike Hearne
Chemical composition of formation water in shale and tight reservoirs: A basin-scale perspective
No abstract available.
Authors
Yousif Kharaka, Kathleen Gans, Elisabeth Rowan, James Thordsen, Christopher H. Conaway, Madalyn S. Blondes, Mark A. Engle
Reactive transport modeling to understand attenuation of arsenic concentrations in anoxic groundwater during Fe(II) oxidation by nitrate
A previously published field-experimental investigation showed that injection of nitrate in anoxic groundwater that contained aqueous and sediment-bound Fe(II) diminished concentrations of As(V) and As(III) to below drinking-water limits. In the current study, reactive transport modeling confirmed that the observed attenuation was consistent with oxidation of Fe(II) by nitrate, leading to precipit
Authors
Douglas B. Kent, Richard L. Smith, James Jamieson, John K. Böhlke, Deborah A. Repert, Henning Prommer
Toward a theory of connectivity among depressional wetlands of the great plains
Functions of inland, freshwater depressional wetlands of the Great Plains are driven by natural disturbance in the form of fluctuating water levels or shifts between wet and dry ecological states. The geographically isolated prairie potholes and playas form broad-scale systems or networks that support biodiversity and provide ecological goods and services. Anthropogenic disturbance, primarily in t
Authors
Gene Albanese, David A. Haukos
Context-dependent effects of livestock grazing in deserts of western North America
This chapter provides a general review of grazing disturbance by large mammalian grazers and the role of ecological context in moderating its effects, with emphasis on North American deserts. It discusses the ecological consequences of cessation of livestock grazing and present a case study from the Mojave Desert, United States of America. A primary effect of grazing is selective removal and inges
Authors
Kari E. Veblen, Erik A. Beever, David A. Pyke