Publications
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Sensor web enables rapid response to volcanic activity
Rapid response to the onset of volcanic activity allows for the early assessment of hazard and risk [Tilling, 1989]. Data from remote volcanoes and volcanoes in countries with poor communication infrastructure can only be obtained via remote sensing [Harris et al., 2000]. By linking notifications of activity from ground-based and spacebased systems, these volcanoes can be monitored when they erupt
Authors
Ashley G. Davies, Steve Chien, Robert Wright, Asta Miklius, Philip R. Kyle, Matt Welsh, Jeffrey B. Johnson, Daniel Tran, Steven R. Schaffer, Robert Sherwood
A volcano bursting at the seams: Inflation, faulting, and eruption at Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos
The results of geodetic monitoring since 2002 at Sierra Negra volcano in the Galápagos Islands show that the filling and pressurization of an ∼2-km-deep sill eventually led to an eruption that began on 22 October 2005. Continuous global positioning system (CGPS) monitoring measured >2 m of accelerating inflation leading up to the eruption and contributed to nearly 5 m of total uplift since 1992, t
Authors
William W. Chadwick, Dennis J. Geist, Sigurjon Jonsson, Michael P. Poland, Daniel J. Johnson, Charles M. Meertens
Dynamics of seismogenic volcanic extrusion at Mount St Helens in 2004-05
The 2004-05 eruption of Mount St Helens exhibited sustained, near-equilibrium behaviour characterized by relatively steady extrusion of a solid dacite plug and nearly periodic shallow earthquakes. Here we present a diverse data set to support our hypothesis that these earthquakes resulted from stick-slip motion along the margins of the plug as it was forced incrementally upwards by ascending, soli
Authors
R. M. Iverson, D. Dzurisin, C. A. Gardner, T.M. Gerlach, R.G. LaHusen, M. Lisowski, J. J. Major, S. D. Malone, J.A. Messerich, S.C. Moran, J.S. Pallister, A.I. Qamar, S. P. Schilling, J.W. Vallance
Geodetic observations and modeling of magmatic inflation at the Three Sisters volcanic center, central Oregon Cascade Range, USA
Tumescence at the Three Sisters volcanic center began sometime between summer 1996 and summer 1998 and was discovered in April 2001 using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). Swelling is centered about 5 km west of the summit of South Sister, a composite basaltic-andesite to rhyolite volcano that last erupted between 2200 and 2000 yr ago, and it affects an area ∼20 km in diameter with
Authors
Daniel Dzurisin, Michael Lisowski, Charles W. Wicks, Michael P. Poland, Elliot T. Endo
Real-time measurement of volcanic SO2 emissions: Validation of a new UV correlation spectrometer (FLYSPEC)
A miniaturized, lightweight and low-cost UV correlation spectrometer, the FLYSPEC, has been developed as an alternative for the COSPEC, which has long been the mainstay for monitoring volcanic sulfur dioxide fluxes. Field experiments have been conducted with the FLYSPEC at diverse volcanic systems, including Masaya (Nicaragua), Poás (Costa Rica), Stromboli, Etna and Vulcano (Italy), Villarica (Chi
Authors
Keith A. Horton, Glyn Williams-Jones, Harold Garbeil, Tamar Elias, A. Jeff Sutton, Peter J. Mouginis-Mark, John T. Porter, Steven Clegg
Constraints on the mechanism of long-term, steady subsidence at Medicine Lake volcano, northern California, from GPS, leveling, and InSAR
Leveling surveys across Medicine Lake volcano (MLV) have documented subsidence that is centered on the summit caldera and decays symmetrically on the flanks of the edifice. Possible mechanisms for this deformation include fluid withdrawal from a subsurface reservoir, cooling/crystallization of subsurface magma, loading by the volcano and dense intrusions, and crustal thinning due to tectonic exten
Authors
Michael P. Poland, Roland Burgmann, Daniel Dzurisin, Michael Lisowski, Timothy Masterlark, Susan Owen, Jonathan Fink
Quiescent deformation of the Aniakchak Caldera, Alaska mapped by InSAR
The 10-km-wide caldera of the historically active Aniakchak volcano, Alaska, subsides ∼13 mm/yr, based on data from 19 European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-1 and ERS-2) interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) images from 1992 through 2002. The pattern of subsidence does not reflect the distribution of pyroclastic deposits from the last eruption in 1931 and therefore is not related to co
Authors
Oh-Ig Kwoun, Zhong Lu, Christina A. Neal, Charles W. Wicks
Growth history of Kilauea inferred from volatile concentrations in submarine-collected basalts
Major-element and volatile (H2O, CO2, S) compositions of glasses from the submarine flanks of Kilauea Volcano record its growth from pre-shield into tholeiite shield-stage. Pillow lavas of mildly alkalic basalt at 2600–1900 mbsl on the upper slope of the south flank are an intermediate link between deeper alkalic volcaniclastics and the modern tholeiite shield. Lava clast glasses from the west fla
Authors
Michelle L. Coombs, Thomas W. Sisson, Peter W. Lipman
Comparison of COSPEC and two miniature ultraviolet spectrometer systems for SO2 measurements using scattered sunlight
The correlation spectrometer (COSPEC), the principal tool for remote measurements of volcanic SO2, is rapidly being replaced by low-cost, miniature, ultraviolet (UV) spectrometers. We compared two of these new systems with a COSPEC by measuring SO2 column amounts at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii. The two systems, one calibrated using in-situ SO2 cells, and the other using a calibrated laboratory referen
Authors
Tamar Elias, A. Jeff Sutton, Clive Oppenheimer, Keith A. Horton, Harold Garbeil, Vitchko Tsanev, Andrew J.S. McGonigle, Glyn Williams-Jones
Thickness distribution of a cooling pyroclastic flow deposit on Augustine Volcano, Alaska: Optimization using InSAR, FEMs, and an adaptive mesh algorithm
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) imagery documents the consistent subsidence, during the interval 1992–1999, of a pyroclastic flow deposit (PFD) emplaced during the 1986 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska. We construct finite element models (FEMs) that simulate thermoelastic contraction of the PFD to account for the observed subsidence. Three-dimensional problem domains of the F
Authors
Timothy Masterlark, Zhong Lu, Russell P. Rykhus
On the absence of InSAR-detected volcano deformation spanning the 1995-1996 and 1999 eruptions of Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska
Shishaldin Volcano, a large, frequently active basaltic-andesite volcano located on Unimak Island in the Aleutian Arc of Alaska, had a minor eruption in 1995–1996 and a VEI 3 sub-Plinian basaltic eruption in 1999. We used 21 synthetic aperture radar images acquired by ERS-1, ERS-2, JERS-1, and RADARSAT-1 satellites to construct 12 coherent interferograms that span most of the 1993–2003 time interv
Authors
S.C. Moran, O. Kwoun, Timothy Masterlark, Z. Lu
Storage and interaction of compositionally heterogeneous magmas from the 1986 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska
Compositional heterogeneity (56–64 wt% SiO2 whole-rock) in samples of tephra and lava from the 1986 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska, raises questions about the physical nature of magma storage and interaction beneath this young and frequently active volcano. To determine conditions of magma storage and evolutionary histories of compositionally distinct magmas, we investigate physical and che
Authors
Diana C. Roman, Katharine V. Cashman, Cynthia A. Gardner, Paul J. Wallace, John J. Donovan