Publications
Dive into our publications and explore the science from the Environmental Health Program (Toxic Substances Hydrology and Contaminant Biology).
Filter Total Items: 3746
Kinetics of sorption and abiotic oxidation of arsenic(III) by aquifer materials
The fate of arsenic in groundwater depends largely on its interaction with mineral surfaces. We investigated the kinetics of As(III) oxidation by aquifer materials collected from the USGS research site at Cape Cod, MA, USA, by conducting laboratory experiments. Five different solid samples with similar specific surface areas (0.6–0.9 m2 g−1) and reductively extractable iron contents (18–26 μmol m−
Authors
A. Amirbahman, D.B. Kent, G.P. Curtis, J.A. Davis
Denitrification potential in stream sediments impacted by acid mine drainage: Effects of pH, various electron donors, and iron
Acid mine drainage (AMD) contaminates thousands of kilometers of stream in the western United States. At the same time, nitrogen loading to many mountain watersheds is increasing because of atmospheric deposition of nitrate and increased human use. Relatively little is known about nitrogen cycling in acidic, heavy-metal-laden streams; however, it has been reported that one key process, denitrifica
Authors
J.L. Baeseman, R. L. Smith, J. Silverstein
Enantiomeric separation of metolachlor and its metabolites using LC-MS and CZE
The stereoisomers of metolachlor and its two polar metabolites [ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and oxanilic acid (OXA)] were separated using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), respectively. The separation of metolachlor enantiomers was achieved using a LC–MS equipped with a chiral stationary phase based on cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl carbama
Authors
C. John Klein, R.J. Schneider, M. T. Meyer, D.S. Aga
Oxygen isotopes of phosphatic compounds - Application for marine particulate matter, sediments and soils
The phosphate oxygen isotopic composition in naturally occurring particulate phosphatic compounds (δ18Op) can be used as a tracer for phosphate sources and to evaluate the cycling of phosphorus (P) in the environment. However, phosphatic compounds must be converted to silver phosphate prior to isotopic analysis, a process that involves digestion of particulate matter in acid. This digestion will h
Authors
K. McLaughlin, A. Paytan, C. Kendall, S. Silva
Negative correlation between porosity and hydraulic conductivity in sand-and-gravel aquifers at Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA
No abstract available.
Authors
R. H. Morin
Characterization of surface and ground water δ18O seasonal variation and its use for estimating groundwater residence times
18O is an ideal tracer for characterizing hydrological processes because it can be reliably measured in several watershed hydrological compartments. Here, we present multiyear isotopic data, i.e. 18O variations (δ18O), for precipitation inputs, surface water and groundwater in the Shingobee River Headwaters Area (SRHA), a well-instrumented research catchment in north-central Minnesota. SRHA surfac
Authors
Michael M. Reddy, Paul F. Schuster, Carol Kendall, Micaela B. Reddy
Occurrence of antibiotics in wastewater treatment facilities in Wisconsin, USA
Samples from several wastewater treatment facilities in Wisconsin were screened for the presence of 21 antibiotic compounds. These facilities spanned a range of community size served (average daily flow from 0.0212 to 23.6 million gallons/day), secondary treatment processes, geographic locations across the state, and they discharged the treated effluents to both surface and ground waters (for grou
Authors
K.G. Karthikeyan, M. T. Meyer
Ammonium transport and reaction in contaminated groundwater: Application of isotope tracers and isotope fractionation studies
Ammonium (NH4+) is a major constituent of many contaminated groundwaters, but its movement through aquifers is complex and poorly documented. In this study, processes affecting NH4+ movement in a treated wastewater plume were studied by a combination of techniques including large‐scale monitoring of NH4+ distribution; isotopic analyses of coexisting aqueous NH4+, NO3−, N2, and sorbed NH4+; and in
Authors
J.K. Böhlke, Richard L. Smith, Daniel N. Miller
Differentiation of commercial fuels based on polar components using negative electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry
Polar components in fuels may enable differentiation between fuel types or commercial fuel sources. A range of commercial fuels from numerous sources were analyzed by flow injection analysis/electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry without extensive sample preparation, separation, or chromatography. This technique enabled screening for unique polar components at parts per million levels in commer
Authors
C.E. Rostad
Speciation of volatile arsenic at geothermal features in Yellowstone National Park
Geothermal features in the Yellowstone National Park contain up to several milligram per liter of aqueous arsenic. Part of this arsenic is volatilized and released into the atmosphere. Total volatile arsenic concentrations of 0.5–200 mg/m3 at the surface of the hot springs were found to exceed the previously assumed nanogram per cubic meter range of background concentrations by orders of magnitude
Authors
B. Planer-Friedrich, C. Lehr, J. Matschullat, B.J. Merkel, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Mark W. Sandstrom
Effect of H2 and redox condition on biotic and abiotic MTBE transformation
Laboratory studies conducted with surface water sediment from a methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)-contaminated site in South Carolina demonstrated that, under methanogenic conditions, [U-14C] MTBE was transformed to 14C tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) with no measurable production of 14CO2. Production of TBA was not attributed to the activity of methanogenic microorganisms, however, because comparable trans
Authors
P. M. Bradley, F. H. Chapelle, J. E. Landmeyer
Investigation of mercury exchange between forest canopy vegetation and the atmosphere using a new dynamic chamber
This paper presents the design of a dynamic chamber system that allows full transmission of PAR and UV radiation and permits enclosed intact foliage to maintain normal physiological function while Hg(0) flux rates are quantified in the field. Black spruce and jack pine foliage both emitted and absorbed Hg(0), exhibiting compensation points near atmospheric Hg(0) concentrations of ∼2−3 ng m-3. Usin
Authors
J.A. Graydon, V.L. St. Louis, S.E. Lindberg, H. Hintelmann, D. P. Krabbenhoft