Geochemistry

While geologic maps can show where types of rock might be, geochemical data is needed to understand the composition of the geology. 

This information helps geologists assess whether a specific grouping of rocks – often known as a unit or formation – has mineral resource potential. 

To collect geochemical data, scientists go to a target location and collect rock and/or soil samples and then use sophisticated lab equipment to analyze what minerals and elements occur within the samples.