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Phillip D Hays (Former Employee)

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North Alluvial Aquifer Modeling Area Map - Arkansas

Ground-Water Modeling Support - Arkansas

Short Title: North Ground-Water Model Several counties in eastern and southern Arkansas have been designated Critical Ground-Water Areas (areas where alluvial aquifer water levels dropped below 50 percent of the original saturated thickness or below the top of the Sparta Sand) by the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission. The expansion of the cones of depression and the consistent water-level...
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
link

Ground-Water Modeling Support - Arkansas

Short Title: North Ground-Water Model Several counties in eastern and southern Arkansas have been designated Critical Ground-Water Areas (areas where alluvial aquifer water levels dropped below 50 percent of the original saturated thickness or below the top of the Sparta Sand) by the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission. The expansion of the cones of depression and the consistent water-level...
Learn More
link
Spring in the Ozark Mountains - Arkansas

A Method for Identifying Karst Features in the Ozarks and Their Correlation to Ground-Water Quality Impacts

Short Title: Ozark Karst Study Project Chiefs: Tim Kresse (USGS-Water), Phil Hays (USGS-Water), James Kaufmann (USGS-Geography), Mark Hudson (USGS-Geology), Esther Stroh (USGS-Biology) Cooperator: U.S. Geological Survey Project Time Frame: 2007 - 2011 Three major physiographic provinces in the Ozark Plateaus in Arkansas and Missouri include diverse topography and geomorphology, which greatly...
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
link

A Method for Identifying Karst Features in the Ozarks and Their Correlation to Ground-Water Quality Impacts

Short Title: Ozark Karst Study Project Chiefs: Tim Kresse (USGS-Water), Phil Hays (USGS-Water), James Kaufmann (USGS-Geography), Mark Hudson (USGS-Geology), Esther Stroh (USGS-Biology) Cooperator: U.S. Geological Survey Project Time Frame: 2007 - 2011 Three major physiographic provinces in the Ozark Plateaus in Arkansas and Missouri include diverse topography and geomorphology, which greatly...
Learn More
link
Lake in the Ozark Mountains - Arkansas

Preliminary Characterization of Thermal Waters East of Hot Springs National Park - Arkansas

Short Title: Hot Springs Thermal Study Project Chief: Tim Kresse Cooperators: Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department Project Time Frame: 2007 - 2009 Established in 1832 to preserve 47 hot springs flowing from of Hot Springs Mountain, Hot Springs National Park (HSNP) is the oldest National Park in the country. Recent findings show that the geologic formations constituting the...
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
link

Preliminary Characterization of Thermal Waters East of Hot Springs National Park - Arkansas

Short Title: Hot Springs Thermal Study Project Chief: Tim Kresse Cooperators: Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department Project Time Frame: 2007 - 2009 Established in 1832 to preserve 47 hot springs flowing from of Hot Springs Mountain, Hot Springs National Park (HSNP) is the oldest National Park in the country. Recent findings show that the geologic formations constituting the...
Learn More

Self-potential and electric resistivity tomography data pertaining to groundwater flow for thermal springs, Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas, February 2023–January 2024

This data release contains self-potential (SP) map data, two-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data, and time-lapse SP-monitoring data measured within the thermal springs discharge area of Hot Springs National Park in Hot Springs, Arkansas, in addition to the geospatial coordinates of each geophysical measurement and photographs of the reconnaissance and monitoring-survey layouts
By
Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center

Datasets for the 2015 potentiometric surface and water-level changes (2011-2013, 2013-2015) in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer, in Arkansas

These datasets provide the locations of and groundwater-level altitudes from 273 wells that were used to construct a 2015 potentiometric contour surface of the Sparta-Memphis aquifer. Measurements were made from January through June 2015 and represent synoptic conditions. All wells were cased completely in and screened in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer. Groundwater-level data are also available from t
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Datasets of the hydrogeologic framework of the Red River alluvial aquifer and Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer in northwestern Louisiana

Datasets include hydrogeologic cross section wells within the Red River alluvial aquifer surficial extent, Red River alluvial aquifer base contours and wells, isopach map showing combined thickness of the Red River alluvial aquifer sand and gravel units, wells used to construct the isopach map of the Red River alluvial aquifer, wells used to construct 25-foot contours showing altitude of the base
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Datasets of the Potentiometric Surface of Groundwater-Level Altitudes Near the Planned Highway 270 Bypass, East of Hot Springs, Arkansas, July-August 2017

These datasets include wells, springs, and contours used to construct the Hot Springs Highway 270 bypass pre-construction potentiometric-surface map. During the summer of 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey and Hot Springs National Park Service collected groundwater measurements from 66 wells - 59 measurements were used to construct a potentiometric-surface map of wells screened in the Ouachita Moun
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Carbonate geochemistry dataset of the soil and an underlying cave in the Ozark Plateaus, central United States

The nature of carbon (C) cycling in the vadose zone where groundwater is in contact with abundant gas-filled voids is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to trace C cycling in a karst landscape using stable-C isotopes, with emphasis on a shallow groundwater flow path through the soil, to an underlying cave, and to the spring outlet of a cave stream in the Ozark Plateaus of northwest
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Altitudes and Thicknesses of Hydrogeologic Units of the Ozark Plateaus Aquifer System in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma

A hydrogeologic framework was constructed to represent the altitudes and thicknesses of hydrogeologic units within the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system (hereinafter referred to as the Ozark system). The Ozark system study area is nearly 70,000 square miles and includes parts of Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma. Nine hydrogeologic units were selected for delineation within the Ozark system and
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Potentiometric surface of groundwater-level altitudes near the planned Highway 270 bypass, east of Hot Springs, Arkansas, July–August 2017

The Ouachita Mountains aquifer system potentiometric-surface map is one component of the Hot Springs Bypass Groundwater Monitoring Project. The potentiometric-surface map provides a baseline assessment of shallow groundwater levels and flow directions before the construction of the Arkansas Department of Transportation planned extension of the Highway 270 bypass, east of Hot Springs, Arkansas. The
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
Filter Total Items: 23

Potentiometric surfaces (2013, 2015), groundwater quality (2010–15), and water-level changes (2011–13, 2013–15) in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas

The Sparta-Memphis aquifer, present across much of eastern Arkansas, is the second most used groundwater resource in the State, with the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer being the primary groundwater resource. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Arkansas Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Division, Arkansas Geological Survey, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Un
Authors
Anna M. Nottmeier, Katherine J. Knierim, Phillip D. Hays
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Hydrogeologic framework of the Red River alluvial aquifer and Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer in northwestern Louisiana

Groundwater in northwestern Louisiana is a valuable resource needed for expanding public-supply needs as well as possible energy development needs arising from Haynesville Formation natural-gas production. The Red River alluvial and the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifers are two of the most important and heavily pumped aquifers in northwestern Louisiana; however, little documentation of the regional hydrogeo
Authors
Phillip D. Hays, Anna M. Nottmeier, Robert B. Fendick Jr., William J. Daugherty, Kayla Carter
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Effects of climate and land-use change on thermal springs recharge—A system-based coupled surface-water and groundwater-flow model for Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas

A three-dimensional hydrogeologic framework of the Hot Springs anticlinorium beneath Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas, was constructed to represent the complex hydrogeology of the park and surrounding areas to depths exceeding 9,000 feet below ground surface. The framework, composed of 6 rock formations and 1 vertical fault emplaced beneath the thermal springs, was discretized into 19 layers, 4
Authors
Rheannon M. Hart, Scott J. Ikard, Phillip D. Hays, Brian R. Clark
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Science and Decisions Center, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Phosphorus runoff risk assessment in karstic regions of the U.S.

The Phosphorus (P) Index risk assessment tool has been widely adopted across the U.S. to identify and rank site vulnerability to P runoff as part of the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) nutrient management planning (NMP) process. However, limited success has been achieved in addressing the risk of P loss by subsurface flow pathways, despite its relative importance in certain areas of
Authors
Andrew N. Sharpley, Phillip D. Hays, Michael B. Daniels, Karl W. VanDevender
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Encylopedia of Caves

For many people, a visit to a cave is a wondrous event directing our minds to ponder the mysteries presented by these unique places and inspiring questions: How old is the cave? What was the role of water in forming the cave and where did the water come from? How is the cave connected to the surface environment? These are intriguing questions to ask, and karst scientists use isotope geochemistry t
Authors
Katherine J. Knierim, Phillip D. Hays
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Coupling high-frequency stream metabolism and nutrient monitoring to explore biogeochemical controls on downstream nitrate delivery

Instream biogeochemical process measurements are often short-term and localized. Here we use in situ sensors to quantify the net effects of biogeochemical processes on seasonal patterns in baseflow nitrate retention at the river-reach scale. Dual-station high-frequency in situ nitrate measurements, were coupled with high-frequency measurements of stream metabolism and dissolved inorganic carbon, i
Authors
Helen P. Jarvie, Andrew N. Sharpley, Timothy M. Kresse, Phillip D. Hays, Richard J. Williams, Stephen M. King, Lawrence G. Berry
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Carbon cycling in the mantled karst of the Ozark Plateaus, central United States

The nature of carbon (C) cycling in the unsaturated zone where groundwater is in contact with abundant gas-filled voids is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to trace inorganic-C cycling in a karst landscape using stable-C isotopes, with emphasis on a shallow groundwater flow path through the soil, to an underlying cave, and to the spring outlet of a cave stream in the Ozark Platea
Authors
Katherine J. Knierim, Erik D. Pollock, Matthew D. Covington, Phillip D. Hays, Kristofor R. Brye
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Hydrogeology and hydrologic conditions of the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system

The hydrogeology and hydrologic characteristics of the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system were characterized as part of ongoing U.S. Geological Survey efforts to assess groundwater availability across the Nation. The need for such a study in the Ozark Plateaus physiographic province (Ozark Plateaus) is highlighted by increasing demand on groundwater resources by the 5.3 million people of the Ozark Plat
Authors
Phillip D. Hays, Katherine J. Knierim, Brian K. Breaker, Drew A. Westerman, Brian R. Clark
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Water Availability and Use Science Program, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Altitudes and thicknesses of hydrogeologic units of the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma

A hydrogeologic framework was constructed to represent the altitudes and thicknesses of hydrogeologic units within the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system as part of a regional groundwater-flow model supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Water Availability and Use Science Program. The Ozark Plateaus aquifer system study area is nearly 70,000 square miles and includes parts of Arkansas, Kansas, Missour
Authors
Drew A. Westerman, Jonathan A. Gillip, Joseph M. Richards, Phillip D. Hays, Brian R. Clark
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Water Availability and Use Science Program, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Trace-metal and organic constituent concentrations in bed sediment at Big Base and Little Base Lakes, Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas—Comparisons to sediment-quality guidelines and indications for timing of exposure

This report compares concentrations for a wide range of inorganic and organic constituents in bed sediment from Big Base Lake and Little Base Lake, which are located on Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas, to sediment-quality guidelines. This report also compares trace-metal concentrations in a bed-sediment core sample to sediment age to determine when the highest concentrations of trace metals w
Authors
B. G. Justus, Phillip D. Hays, Rheannon M. Hart
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Using stable isotopes of carbon to investigate the seasonal variation of carbon transfer in a northwestern Arkansas cave

Stable-isotope analyses are valuable in karst settings, where characterizing biogeochemical cycling of carbon along groundwater flow paths is critical for understanding and protecting sensitive cave and karst water resources. This study quantified the seasonal changes in concentration and isotopic composition (δ13C) of aqueous and gaseous carbon species—dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and gaseous
Authors
Katherine J. Knierim, Erik Pollock, Phillip D. Hays, Jam Khojasteh
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Aquifers of Arkansas: protection, management, and hydrologic and geochemical characteristics of groundwater resources in Arkansas

Sixteen aquifers in Arkansas that currently serve or have served as sources of water supply are described with respect to existing groundwater protection and management programs, geology, hydrologic characteristics, water use, water levels, deductive analysis, projections of hydrologic conditions, and water quality. State and Federal protection and management programs are described according to re
Authors
Timothy M. Kresse, Phillip D. Hays, Katherine R. Merriman, Jonathan A. Gillip, D. Todd Fugitt, Jane L. Spellman, Anna M. Nottmeier, Drew A. Westerman, Joshua M. Blackstock, James L. Battreal
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Non-USGS Publications**

Laincz, Jozef, Phillip D. Hays, Byron Winston, 2011, Nitrate carbon processing in the interflow zone of mantled karst, U.S. Geological Survey Karst Interest Group National Meeting, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5020
Ming-Xing Ling, Fatemeh Sedaghatpour, Fang-Zhen Teng, Phillip D. Hays, Josiah Strauss and Weidong Sun, 2011, Homogeneous magnesium isotopic composition of seawater: an excellent geostandard for Mg isotope analysis, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2011, 25, 2828–2836, DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5172
Kresse, Timothy M., Phillip D. Hays, Mark R. Hudson, and James E. Kaufmann, in review, The Relation of Land use, Geology, and Karst Features to Groundwater Quality in the Ozark Mountains of Northern Arkansas and Southern Missouri, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-xxx, 82p
Knierim, K. J., Pollock, E.D., and Hays, P.D., 2011, Using labeled isotopes to trace groundwater flow paths in a northwestern Arkansas cave: U. S. Geological Survey Karst Interest Group, Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5020, Fayetteville, Arkansas, p. 67 – 73.
Knierim, K.J., Hays, P.D., and Bowman, D., 2015, Quantifying the variability in Escherichia coli (E. coli) throughout storm events at a karst spring in northwestern Arkansas, United States: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 74, p. 4607–4623, doi: 10.1007/s12665-015-4416-5.
Knierim, K.J., Pollock, E., Hays, P., and Khojasteh, J., 2015, Using Stable Isotopes of Carbon to Investigate the Seasonal Variation of Carbon Transfer in a Northwestern Arkansas Cave: Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 77, p. 12–27, doi: 10.4311/2011ES0264
Katherine J. Knierim and Phillip D. Hays, 2014, PECCI code (Python™ Estimation for Carbon Concentration and Isotopes) for Calculating the Concentration and Stable Carbon Isotopic Composition of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) in Precipitation for northwestern Arkansas, UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS/US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ARKANSAS WATER RESOURCES CENTER, MSC PUBLICATION 370, 25 p.
DeFauw, S.L., K.R. Brye, T.J. Sauer, and P.D. Hays. 2014. Hydraulic and physiochemical properties of a hillslope soil assemblage in the Ozark Highlands. Soil Sci. 179:107-117.

**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.

Science and Products

link
North Alluvial Aquifer Modeling Area Map - Arkansas

Ground-Water Modeling Support - Arkansas

Short Title: North Ground-Water Model Several counties in eastern and southern Arkansas have been designated Critical Ground-Water Areas (areas where alluvial aquifer water levels dropped below 50 percent of the original saturated thickness or below the top of the Sparta Sand) by the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission. The expansion of the cones of depression and the consistent water-level...
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
link

Ground-Water Modeling Support - Arkansas

Short Title: North Ground-Water Model Several counties in eastern and southern Arkansas have been designated Critical Ground-Water Areas (areas where alluvial aquifer water levels dropped below 50 percent of the original saturated thickness or below the top of the Sparta Sand) by the Arkansas Natural Resources Commission. The expansion of the cones of depression and the consistent water-level...
Learn More
link
Spring in the Ozark Mountains - Arkansas

A Method for Identifying Karst Features in the Ozarks and Their Correlation to Ground-Water Quality Impacts

Short Title: Ozark Karst Study Project Chiefs: Tim Kresse (USGS-Water), Phil Hays (USGS-Water), James Kaufmann (USGS-Geography), Mark Hudson (USGS-Geology), Esther Stroh (USGS-Biology) Cooperator: U.S. Geological Survey Project Time Frame: 2007 - 2011 Three major physiographic provinces in the Ozark Plateaus in Arkansas and Missouri include diverse topography and geomorphology, which greatly...
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
link

A Method for Identifying Karst Features in the Ozarks and Their Correlation to Ground-Water Quality Impacts

Short Title: Ozark Karst Study Project Chiefs: Tim Kresse (USGS-Water), Phil Hays (USGS-Water), James Kaufmann (USGS-Geography), Mark Hudson (USGS-Geology), Esther Stroh (USGS-Biology) Cooperator: U.S. Geological Survey Project Time Frame: 2007 - 2011 Three major physiographic provinces in the Ozark Plateaus in Arkansas and Missouri include diverse topography and geomorphology, which greatly...
Learn More
link
Lake in the Ozark Mountains - Arkansas

Preliminary Characterization of Thermal Waters East of Hot Springs National Park - Arkansas

Short Title: Hot Springs Thermal Study Project Chief: Tim Kresse Cooperators: Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department Project Time Frame: 2007 - 2009 Established in 1832 to preserve 47 hot springs flowing from of Hot Springs Mountain, Hot Springs National Park (HSNP) is the oldest National Park in the country. Recent findings show that the geologic formations constituting the...
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
link

Preliminary Characterization of Thermal Waters East of Hot Springs National Park - Arkansas

Short Title: Hot Springs Thermal Study Project Chief: Tim Kresse Cooperators: Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department Project Time Frame: 2007 - 2009 Established in 1832 to preserve 47 hot springs flowing from of Hot Springs Mountain, Hot Springs National Park (HSNP) is the oldest National Park in the country. Recent findings show that the geologic formations constituting the...
Learn More

Self-potential and electric resistivity tomography data pertaining to groundwater flow for thermal springs, Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas, February 2023–January 2024

This data release contains self-potential (SP) map data, two-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data, and time-lapse SP-monitoring data measured within the thermal springs discharge area of Hot Springs National Park in Hot Springs, Arkansas, in addition to the geospatial coordinates of each geophysical measurement and photographs of the reconnaissance and monitoring-survey layouts
By
Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center

Datasets for the 2015 potentiometric surface and water-level changes (2011-2013, 2013-2015) in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer, in Arkansas

These datasets provide the locations of and groundwater-level altitudes from 273 wells that were used to construct a 2015 potentiometric contour surface of the Sparta-Memphis aquifer. Measurements were made from January through June 2015 and represent synoptic conditions. All wells were cased completely in and screened in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer. Groundwater-level data are also available from t
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Datasets of the hydrogeologic framework of the Red River alluvial aquifer and Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer in northwestern Louisiana

Datasets include hydrogeologic cross section wells within the Red River alluvial aquifer surficial extent, Red River alluvial aquifer base contours and wells, isopach map showing combined thickness of the Red River alluvial aquifer sand and gravel units, wells used to construct the isopach map of the Red River alluvial aquifer, wells used to construct 25-foot contours showing altitude of the base
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Datasets of the Potentiometric Surface of Groundwater-Level Altitudes Near the Planned Highway 270 Bypass, East of Hot Springs, Arkansas, July-August 2017

These datasets include wells, springs, and contours used to construct the Hot Springs Highway 270 bypass pre-construction potentiometric-surface map. During the summer of 2017, the U.S. Geological Survey and Hot Springs National Park Service collected groundwater measurements from 66 wells - 59 measurements were used to construct a potentiometric-surface map of wells screened in the Ouachita Moun
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Carbonate geochemistry dataset of the soil and an underlying cave in the Ozark Plateaus, central United States

The nature of carbon (C) cycling in the vadose zone where groundwater is in contact with abundant gas-filled voids is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to trace C cycling in a karst landscape using stable-C isotopes, with emphasis on a shallow groundwater flow path through the soil, to an underlying cave, and to the spring outlet of a cave stream in the Ozark Plateaus of northwest
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Altitudes and Thicknesses of Hydrogeologic Units of the Ozark Plateaus Aquifer System in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma

A hydrogeologic framework was constructed to represent the altitudes and thicknesses of hydrogeologic units within the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system (hereinafter referred to as the Ozark system). The Ozark system study area is nearly 70,000 square miles and includes parts of Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma. Nine hydrogeologic units were selected for delineation within the Ozark system and
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Potentiometric surface of groundwater-level altitudes near the planned Highway 270 bypass, east of Hot Springs, Arkansas, July–August 2017

The Ouachita Mountains aquifer system potentiometric-surface map is one component of the Hot Springs Bypass Groundwater Monitoring Project. The potentiometric-surface map provides a baseline assessment of shallow groundwater levels and flow directions before the construction of the Arkansas Department of Transportation planned extension of the Highway 270 bypass, east of Hot Springs, Arkansas. The
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center
Filter Total Items: 23

Potentiometric surfaces (2013, 2015), groundwater quality (2010–15), and water-level changes (2011–13, 2013–15) in the Sparta-Memphis aquifer in Arkansas

The Sparta-Memphis aquifer, present across much of eastern Arkansas, is the second most used groundwater resource in the State, with the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer being the primary groundwater resource. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Arkansas Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Division, Arkansas Geological Survey, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Un
Authors
Anna M. Nottmeier, Katherine J. Knierim, Phillip D. Hays
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Hydrogeologic framework of the Red River alluvial aquifer and Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer in northwestern Louisiana

Groundwater in northwestern Louisiana is a valuable resource needed for expanding public-supply needs as well as possible energy development needs arising from Haynesville Formation natural-gas production. The Red River alluvial and the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifers are two of the most important and heavily pumped aquifers in northwestern Louisiana; however, little documentation of the regional hydrogeo
Authors
Phillip D. Hays, Anna M. Nottmeier, Robert B. Fendick Jr., William J. Daugherty, Kayla Carter
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Effects of climate and land-use change on thermal springs recharge—A system-based coupled surface-water and groundwater-flow model for Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas

A three-dimensional hydrogeologic framework of the Hot Springs anticlinorium beneath Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas, was constructed to represent the complex hydrogeology of the park and surrounding areas to depths exceeding 9,000 feet below ground surface. The framework, composed of 6 rock formations and 1 vertical fault emplaced beneath the thermal springs, was discretized into 19 layers, 4
Authors
Rheannon M. Hart, Scott J. Ikard, Phillip D. Hays, Brian R. Clark
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Science and Decisions Center, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Phosphorus runoff risk assessment in karstic regions of the U.S.

The Phosphorus (P) Index risk assessment tool has been widely adopted across the U.S. to identify and rank site vulnerability to P runoff as part of the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) nutrient management planning (NMP) process. However, limited success has been achieved in addressing the risk of P loss by subsurface flow pathways, despite its relative importance in certain areas of
Authors
Andrew N. Sharpley, Phillip D. Hays, Michael B. Daniels, Karl W. VanDevender
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Encylopedia of Caves

For many people, a visit to a cave is a wondrous event directing our minds to ponder the mysteries presented by these unique places and inspiring questions: How old is the cave? What was the role of water in forming the cave and where did the water come from? How is the cave connected to the surface environment? These are intriguing questions to ask, and karst scientists use isotope geochemistry t
Authors
Katherine J. Knierim, Phillip D. Hays
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Coupling high-frequency stream metabolism and nutrient monitoring to explore biogeochemical controls on downstream nitrate delivery

Instream biogeochemical process measurements are often short-term and localized. Here we use in situ sensors to quantify the net effects of biogeochemical processes on seasonal patterns in baseflow nitrate retention at the river-reach scale. Dual-station high-frequency in situ nitrate measurements, were coupled with high-frequency measurements of stream metabolism and dissolved inorganic carbon, i
Authors
Helen P. Jarvie, Andrew N. Sharpley, Timothy M. Kresse, Phillip D. Hays, Richard J. Williams, Stephen M. King, Lawrence G. Berry
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Carbon cycling in the mantled karst of the Ozark Plateaus, central United States

The nature of carbon (C) cycling in the unsaturated zone where groundwater is in contact with abundant gas-filled voids is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to trace inorganic-C cycling in a karst landscape using stable-C isotopes, with emphasis on a shallow groundwater flow path through the soil, to an underlying cave, and to the spring outlet of a cave stream in the Ozark Platea
Authors
Katherine J. Knierim, Erik D. Pollock, Matthew D. Covington, Phillip D. Hays, Kristofor R. Brye
By
Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Hydrogeology and hydrologic conditions of the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system

The hydrogeology and hydrologic characteristics of the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system were characterized as part of ongoing U.S. Geological Survey efforts to assess groundwater availability across the Nation. The need for such a study in the Ozark Plateaus physiographic province (Ozark Plateaus) is highlighted by increasing demand on groundwater resources by the 5.3 million people of the Ozark Plat
Authors
Phillip D. Hays, Katherine J. Knierim, Brian K. Breaker, Drew A. Westerman, Brian R. Clark
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Water Availability and Use Science Program, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Altitudes and thicknesses of hydrogeologic units of the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma

A hydrogeologic framework was constructed to represent the altitudes and thicknesses of hydrogeologic units within the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system as part of a regional groundwater-flow model supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Water Availability and Use Science Program. The Ozark Plateaus aquifer system study area is nearly 70,000 square miles and includes parts of Arkansas, Kansas, Missour
Authors
Drew A. Westerman, Jonathan A. Gillip, Joseph M. Richards, Phillip D. Hays, Brian R. Clark
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Water Availability and Use Science Program, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Trace-metal and organic constituent concentrations in bed sediment at Big Base and Little Base Lakes, Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas—Comparisons to sediment-quality guidelines and indications for timing of exposure

This report compares concentrations for a wide range of inorganic and organic constituents in bed sediment from Big Base Lake and Little Base Lake, which are located on Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas, to sediment-quality guidelines. This report also compares trace-metal concentrations in a bed-sediment core sample to sediment age to determine when the highest concentrations of trace metals w
Authors
B. G. Justus, Phillip D. Hays, Rheannon M. Hart
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Using stable isotopes of carbon to investigate the seasonal variation of carbon transfer in a northwestern Arkansas cave

Stable-isotope analyses are valuable in karst settings, where characterizing biogeochemical cycling of carbon along groundwater flow paths is critical for understanding and protecting sensitive cave and karst water resources. This study quantified the seasonal changes in concentration and isotopic composition (δ13C) of aqueous and gaseous carbon species—dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and gaseous
Authors
Katherine J. Knierim, Erik Pollock, Phillip D. Hays, Jam Khojasteh
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Aquifers of Arkansas: protection, management, and hydrologic and geochemical characteristics of groundwater resources in Arkansas

Sixteen aquifers in Arkansas that currently serve or have served as sources of water supply are described with respect to existing groundwater protection and management programs, geology, hydrologic characteristics, water use, water levels, deductive analysis, projections of hydrologic conditions, and water quality. State and Federal protection and management programs are described according to re
Authors
Timothy M. Kresse, Phillip D. Hays, Katherine R. Merriman, Jonathan A. Gillip, D. Todd Fugitt, Jane L. Spellman, Anna M. Nottmeier, Drew A. Westerman, Joshua M. Blackstock, James L. Battreal
By
Water Resources Mission Area, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center

Non-USGS Publications**

Laincz, Jozef, Phillip D. Hays, Byron Winston, 2011, Nitrate carbon processing in the interflow zone of mantled karst, U.S. Geological Survey Karst Interest Group National Meeting, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5020
Ming-Xing Ling, Fatemeh Sedaghatpour, Fang-Zhen Teng, Phillip D. Hays, Josiah Strauss and Weidong Sun, 2011, Homogeneous magnesium isotopic composition of seawater: an excellent geostandard for Mg isotope analysis, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2011, 25, 2828–2836, DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5172
Kresse, Timothy M., Phillip D. Hays, Mark R. Hudson, and James E. Kaufmann, in review, The Relation of Land use, Geology, and Karst Features to Groundwater Quality in the Ozark Mountains of Northern Arkansas and Southern Missouri, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-xxx, 82p
Knierim, K. J., Pollock, E.D., and Hays, P.D., 2011, Using labeled isotopes to trace groundwater flow paths in a northwestern Arkansas cave: U. S. Geological Survey Karst Interest Group, Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5020, Fayetteville, Arkansas, p. 67 – 73.
Knierim, K.J., Hays, P.D., and Bowman, D., 2015, Quantifying the variability in Escherichia coli (E. coli) throughout storm events at a karst spring in northwestern Arkansas, United States: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 74, p. 4607–4623, doi: 10.1007/s12665-015-4416-5.
Knierim, K.J., Pollock, E., Hays, P., and Khojasteh, J., 2015, Using Stable Isotopes of Carbon to Investigate the Seasonal Variation of Carbon Transfer in a Northwestern Arkansas Cave: Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 77, p. 12–27, doi: 10.4311/2011ES0264
Katherine J. Knierim and Phillip D. Hays, 2014, PECCI code (Python™ Estimation for Carbon Concentration and Isotopes) for Calculating the Concentration and Stable Carbon Isotopic Composition of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) in Precipitation for northwestern Arkansas, UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS/US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ARKANSAS WATER RESOURCES CENTER, MSC PUBLICATION 370, 25 p.
DeFauw, S.L., K.R. Brye, T.J. Sauer, and P.D. Hays. 2014. Hydraulic and physiochemical properties of a hillslope soil assemblage in the Ozark Highlands. Soil Sci. 179:107-117.

**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.

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