Publications
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Which earthquake accounts matter?
Earthquake observations contributed by human observers provide an invaluable source of information to investigate both historical and modern earthquakes. Commonly, the observers whose eyewitness accounts are available to scientists are a self‐selected minority of those who experience a given earthquake. As such these may not be representative of the overall population that experienced shaking from
Authors
Susan E. Hough, Stacey S. Martin
A geology and geodesy based model of dynamic earthquake rupture on the Rodgers Creek‐Hayward‐Calaveras Fault System, California
The Hayward fault in California's San Francisco Bay area produces large earthquakes, with the last occurring in 1868. We examine how physics‐based dynamic rupture modeling can be used to numerically simulate large earthquakes on not only the Hayward fault, but also its connected companions to the north and south, the Rodgers Creek and Calaveras faults. Equipped with a wealth of images of this faul
Authors
Ruth A. Harris, Michael Barall, David A. Lockner, Diane E. Moore, David A. Ponce, Russell Graymer, Gareth J. Funning, Carolyn A. Morrow, Christodoulos Kyriakopoulos, Donna Eberhart-Phillips
B-positive: A robust estimator of aftershock magnitude distribution in transiently incomplete catalogs
The earthquake magnitude-frequency distribution is characterized by the b-value, which describes the relative frequency of large versus small earthquakes. It has been suggested that changes in b-value after an earthquake can be used to discriminate whether that earthquake is part of a foreshock sequence or a more typical mainshock-aftershock sequence, with a decrease in b-value heralding a larger
Authors
Nicholas van der Elst
S2HM must be real-time or not?
Seismic structural health monitoring (S2HM) has advanced significantly in the last three decades. However, currently there is no consensus on the need for real-time processing of data acquired during an earthquake. Numerous applications exist whereby S2HM-equipped systems record valuable seismic response data. A delayed use of the seismic data prohibits timely discovery of hidden damages in a stru
Authors
Mehmet Çelebi, Maria Limongelli
Toward physics-based nonergodic PSHA: A prototype fully-deterministic seismic hazard model for southern California
We present a nonergodic framework for probabilistic seismic‐hazard analysis (PSHA) that is constructed entirely of deterministic, physical models. The use of deterministic ground‐motion simulations in PSHA calculations is not new (e.g., CyberShake), but prior studies relied on kinematic rupture generators to extend empirical earthquake rupture forecasts. Fully dynamic models, which simulate ruptur
Authors
Kevin R. Milner, Bruce E. Shaw, Christine A. Goulet, Keith B. Richards-Dinger, Scott Callaghan, Thomas H. Jordan, James H. Dieterich, Edward H. Field
A subset of CyberShake ground-motion time series for response-history analysis
This manuscript describes a subset of CyberShake numerically simulated ground motions that were selected and vetted for use in engineering response-history analyses. Ground motions were selected that have seismological properties and response spectra representative of conditions in the Los Angeles area, based on disaggregation of seismic hazard. Ground motions were selected from millions of availa
Authors
Jack W. Baker, Sanaz Rezaeian, Christine A. Goulet, Nicolas Luco, Ganyu Teng
Seismic response of a typical shear-wall dominated high-rise condominium building during the January 7, 2020 Mw6.4 Indios, Puerto Rico earthquake
Seismic response records were retrieved from the monitored 21-story (53.26-m-tall) typical Puerto Rican reinforced-concrete shear-wall dominated El Castillo Building in Mayaguez, 50 km from the mainshock epicenter of the January 7, 2020, Mw6.4 offshore Indios, Puerto Rico earthquake. The shear-wall-to-floor areas of the building are 0.97 and 3.49 in the longitudinal and transverse directions, resp
Authors
Mehmet Çelebi, Eduardo Miranda, Jose A. Martinez-Cruzado
Karachi effects of the Makran earthquake and tsunami of November 1945: Mercury spilled, tide gauge impaired, seawalls overrun, boats displaced, mosque flooded
An earthquake and tsunamiI on November 28, 1945, sourced near the Makran coast of the Arabian Sea, disturbed port facilities and fishing villages to the east at Karachi Harbour. Seismic waves, some 300 kilometers from their Makran source, spilled mercury high in a lighthouse at Manora. One liter of the heavy, toxic liquid escaped from an annular trough in which one of the world’s heaviest assembli
Authors
Brian F. Atwater, Haider Hasan, Ghazala Naeem, Din Mohammad Kakar, Asaf Humayun, Seshachalam Srinivasalu, Julia Elton, Noorul Ayen Hasan, Abdullah Usman, Hira Ashfaq Lodhi, Shoaib Ahmed, Lindsey M. Wright, Loyce M. Adams
Shaking is almost always a surprise: The earthquakes that produce significant ground motion
Although small earthquakes are expected to produce weak shaking, ground motion is highly variable and there are outlier earthquakes that generate more shaking than expected—sometimes significantly more. We explore datasets of M 0.5–8.3 earthquakes to determine the relative impact of frequent, smaller-magnitude earthquakes that rarely produce strong ground motion, to rare, large earthquakes that al
Authors
Sarah E. Minson, Annemarie S. Baltay, Elizabeth S. Cochran, Sara McBride, Kevin R. Milner
Minimal stratigraphic evidence for coseismic coastal subsidence during 2000 yr of megathrust earthquakes at the central Cascadia subduction zone
Lithology and microfossil biostratigraphy beneath the marshes of a central Oregon estuary limit geophysical models of Cascadia megathrust rupture during successive earthquakes by ruling out >0.5 m of coseismic coastal subsidence for the past 2000 yr. Although the stratigraphy in cores and outcrops includes as many as 12 peat-mud contacts, like those commonly inferred to record subsidence during me
Authors
Alan Nelson, Andrea D. Hawkes, Yuki Sawai, Ben P. Hotron, Robert C. Witter, Lee-Ann Bradley, Niamh Cahill
Response of the tallest California building during the Mw7.1 July 5, 2019 Ridgecrest, California earthquake
The 73-story Wilshire Grand in downtown Los Angeles is the recently constructed tallest building in California. It is designed in conformance with performance-based design procedures. The lateral load resisting system of the building is designed with concrete core shear walls, three outriggers with buckling restrained braces (BRBs) located along the height and two three-story truss-belt structural
Authors
Mehmet Çelebi, S. F. Ghahari, Hamid Haddadi, Ertugrul Taciroglu