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Andrew Schwartz and Dan Hanes hold a current profiler for a study of surf-zone hydrodynamics at Ocean Beach, San Francisco.
Studying Surf-Zone Hydrodynamics
Studying Surf-Zone Hydrodynamics
Studying Surf-Zone Hydrodynamics

USGS scientists Andrew Schwartz and Dan Hanes maneuver a current profiler for a study of surf-zone hydrodynamics at Ocean Beach, on the west side of San Francisco, California. Beach erosion has been a continuing problem in this area.

USGS scientists Andrew Schwartz and Dan Hanes maneuver a current profiler for a study of surf-zone hydrodynamics at Ocean Beach, on the west side of San Francisco, California. Beach erosion has been a continuing problem in this area.

Illustration of a bay in the ocean with the water drained away, showing underwater features of a landslide in the bay.
Resurrection Bay, Alaska
Resurrection Bay, Alaska
Resurrection Bay, Alaska

Sonar-generated image showing underwater topography and the potential for landslides near the head of Resurrection Bay, Alaska. The terrain looks three times as steep as it occurs naturally. The arrow points to underwater landslide debris from the collapse of a fan-delta following the great Alaskan earthquake of 1964.

Sonar-generated image showing underwater topography and the potential for landslides near the head of Resurrection Bay, Alaska. The terrain looks three times as steep as it occurs naturally. The arrow points to underwater landslide debris from the collapse of a fan-delta following the great Alaskan earthquake of 1964.

Computer model shows undersea features as well as land in 3-D and wave patterns in the ocean near an island
Tsunami wave field in Bay of Bengal
Tsunami wave field in Bay of Bengal
Tsunami wave field in Bay of Bengal

Tsunami wave field in the Bay of Bengal one hour after the M=9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake on December 26, 2004. View looks to the northwest.

Tsunami wave field in the Bay of Bengal one hour after the M=9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake on December 26, 2004. View looks to the northwest.

3-D angular view of a bay inlet with a bridge spanning the inlet, the floor of the bay is shown as if the water is drained out.
Sand waves at mouth of San Francisco Bay
Sand waves at mouth of San Francisco Bay
Sand waves at mouth of San Francisco Bay

A field of giant sand waves, among the largest in the world, at the mouth of San Francisco Bay in California.

A field of giant sand waves, among the largest in the world, at the mouth of San Francisco Bay in California.

Poster composed of photographs and text.
Flying Eyeball Measures Grand Canyon Sand
Flying Eyeball Measures Grand Canyon Sand
Flying Eyeball Measures Grand Canyon Sand

Large-scale poster describing USGS work.

USGS scientists needed a better way to measure river sand in the Grand Canyon. Traditionally, scientists used a bucket to get about 75 sand samples on each trip, which were analyzed weeks later in a lab.

Large-scale poster describing USGS work.

USGS scientists needed a better way to measure river sand in the Grand Canyon. Traditionally, scientists used a bucket to get about 75 sand samples on each trip, which were analyzed weeks later in a lab.

Poster laid out with photos, images, and text.
Should Englebright Dam Be Removed?
Should Englebright Dam Be Removed?
Should Englebright Dam Be Removed?

Large-scale poster describing USGS work.

The USGS, in cooperation with the Upper Yuba River Studies Program and the California Bay–Delta Authority (CALFED), studied Englebright Lake. Englebright Dam was built in 1941 to trap sediment washed downstream by hydraulic gold mining.

Large-scale poster describing USGS work.

The USGS, in cooperation with the Upper Yuba River Studies Program and the California Bay–Delta Authority (CALFED), studied Englebright Lake. Englebright Dam was built in 1941 to trap sediment washed downstream by hydraulic gold mining.

Photograph shows eroding cliff in Isla Vista, California, with parts of houses hanging over edge.
Homes along the edge of the coast in Isla Vista, California
Homes along the edge of the coast in Isla Vista, California
Homes along the edge of the coast in Isla Vista, California

Homes along the edge of the coast in Isla Vista, California, Santa Barbara County, face a short lifespan because of eroding bluffs that support them.

Homes along the edge of the coast in Isla Vista, California, Santa Barbara County, face a short lifespan because of eroding bluffs that support them.

Shallow, crystal-clear coastal water with rounded, black rocks jutting out of a white sandy bottom.
Stromatolites of Australia
Stromatolites of Australia
Stromatolites of Australia

Stromatolites growing in Hamelin Pool Marine Nature Reserve, Shark Bay in Western Australia. Photo by Paul Harrison, Reading, UK, CC BY-SA 3.0

Stromatolites growing in Hamelin Pool Marine Nature Reserve, Shark Bay in Western Australia. Photo by Paul Harrison, Reading, UK, CC BY-SA 3.0

View from the sky overlooking a severely flooded town with lingering pooled water and heavily damaged structures and roadways.
Banda Aceh after the December 2004 Earthquake and Tsunami
Banda Aceh after the December 2004 Earthquake and Tsunami
Banda Aceh after the December 2004 Earthquake and Tsunami

An International Tsunami Survey Team studying the effects of the December 26, 2004 tsunami on Indonesia“‘’’s island of Sumatra documented wave heights of 20 to 30 m (65 to 100 ft) at the island's northwest end and found evidence suggesting that wave heights may have ranged from 15 to 30 m (50 to 100 ft) along at least a 100-km (60 mi) stretch of the northwest coast.

An International Tsunami Survey Team studying the effects of the December 26, 2004 tsunami on Indonesia“‘’’s island of Sumatra documented wave heights of 20 to 30 m (65 to 100 ft) at the island's northwest end and found evidence suggesting that wave heights may have ranged from 15 to 30 m (50 to 100 ft) along at least a 100-km (60 mi) stretch of the northwest coast.

A man stands in water on a beach, holding a rod with a measurement ruler marked on it, near partially submerged tree stumps.
Measuring tree heights and water depth
Measuring tree heights and water depth
Measuring tree heights and water depth

In Leupueng, Indonesia, on the island of Sumatra, Dr. Guy Gelfenbaum measures the height of snapped-off tree trunks and sea level changes shortly after the December 26, 2004 earthquake and tsunami in the Indian Ocean.

In Leupueng, Indonesia, on the island of Sumatra, Dr. Guy Gelfenbaum measures the height of snapped-off tree trunks and sea level changes shortly after the December 26, 2004 earthquake and tsunami in the Indian Ocean.

A man stands next to a tree whose trunk is snapped off, he is holding a stadia rod with metric measurements.
Measuring tsunami elevations in Sumatra in 2005
Measuring tsunami elevations in Sumatra in 2005
Measuring tsunami elevations in Sumatra in 2005

As part of an international tsunami survey team, Andy Moore of Kent State University takes measurement of a snapped-off tree trunk in Leupueng, Aceh in 2005, shortly after the deadly tsunami struck the island of Sumatra.

As part of an international tsunami survey team, Andy Moore of Kent State University takes measurement of a snapped-off tree trunk in Leupueng, Aceh in 2005, shortly after the deadly tsunami struck the island of Sumatra.

A home, severely damaged by the tsunami that hit Sumatra on December 26, 2004, sits atop debris.
Heavily damaged home in Banda Aceh, Sumatra from the 2004 tsunami
Heavily damaged home in Banda Aceh, Sumatra from the 2004 tsunami
Heavily damaged home in Banda Aceh, Sumatra from the 2004 tsunami

A severely damaged home, or a portion of one, sits atop debris in Banda Aceh on the island of Sumatra. Damage was caused by a massive, highly destructive tsunami, triggered by a magnitude 9.1 earthquake just offshore of Sumatra, on December 26, 2004.

A severely damaged home, or a portion of one, sits atop debris in Banda Aceh on the island of Sumatra. Damage was caused by a massive, highly destructive tsunami, triggered by a magnitude 9.1 earthquake just offshore of Sumatra, on December 26, 2004.

A fishing boat lies wrecked in parking lot after being carried inland by large tsunami wave, a man walks in front of it.
Boat carried inland by 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
Boat carried inland by 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami
Boat carried inland by 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

Boat carried inland by tsunami that struck Sumatra on December 26, 2004.

Rubble lies in a layer of sand covering the ground of a village, and a wrecked boat transported by tsunami lies on its side.
Kalmunai, Sri Lanka, after the December 2004 tsunami
Kalmunai, Sri Lanka, after the December 2004 tsunami
Kalmunai, Sri Lanka, after the December 2004 tsunami

Photo taken about 100 meters inland at Kalmunai on Sri Lanka's east coast.

A tool used to dig down through sand and sediment layers along a cross-section of sediment to show thickness of layers.
Tsunami sand deposit
Tsunami sand deposit
Tsunami sand deposit

Tsunami sand deposit at Nilaveli Beach on the northeastern coast of Sri Lanka following the December 26th, 2004 earthquake and tsunami in the Indian Ocean. The sand deposited by the tsunami is light colored and overlies a pre-tsunami darker sandy soil.

Tsunami sand deposit at Nilaveli Beach on the northeastern coast of Sri Lanka following the December 26th, 2004 earthquake and tsunami in the Indian Ocean. The sand deposited by the tsunami is light colored and overlies a pre-tsunami darker sandy soil.

Poster laid out with photos, images, and text.
Big Sur Coastal Landslides
Big Sur Coastal Landslides
Big Sur Coastal Landslides

Large-scale poster describing USGS work.

The USGS studied air photos of the Big Sur coast taken in 1942 and 1994, in cooperation with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and the University of California at Santa Cruz (UCSC).

Large-scale poster describing USGS work.

The USGS studied air photos of the Big Sur coast taken in 1942 and 1994, in cooperation with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and the University of California at Santa Cruz (UCSC).

Poster with illustrations of the underwater part of the ocean, with text about the work done in the area.
Tsunami Hazards in the Santa Barbara Channel
Tsunami Hazards in the Santa Barbara Channel
Tsunami Hazards in the Santa Barbara Channel

Large-scale poster describing USGS work.

The USGS, in cooperation with Moss Landing Marine Laboratory, mapped the slopes of the Santa Barbara Channel using sonar. We combined this with deep sea drilling records and seismic records to make these maps.

Large-scale poster describing USGS work.

The USGS, in cooperation with Moss Landing Marine Laboratory, mapped the slopes of the Santa Barbara Channel using sonar. We combined this with deep sea drilling records and seismic records to make these maps.

A man wearing a hard hat and holding a clipboard stands near a device mounted on a tripod near a collapsed roadway.
Collecting lidar at site road failure after Niigata earthquake
Collecting lidar at site road failure after Niigata earthquake
Collecting lidar at site road failure after Niigata earthquake

The USGS lidar unit scanning a road embankment failure on Route 252, west of Horinouchi-Cho, in Niigata-ken, Japan. The system can be easily transported by vehicle or backpack to study sites, and travels as checked baggage.

The USGS lidar unit scanning a road embankment failure on Route 252, west of Horinouchi-Cho, in Niigata-ken, Japan. The system can be easily transported by vehicle or backpack to study sites, and travels as checked baggage.