Publications
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Volcanic ash - danger to aircraft in the north Pacific
The world's busy air traffic corridors pass over hundreds of volcanoes capable of sudden, explosive eruptions. In the United States alone, aircraft carry many thousands of passengers and millions of dollars of cargo over volcanoes each day. Volcanic ash can be a serious hazard to aviation even thousands of miles from an eruption. Airborne ash can diminish visibility, damage flight control systems,
Authors
Christina A. Neal, Thomas J. Casadevall, Thomas P. Miller, James W. Hendley, Peter H. Stauffer
Preliminary Volcano-Hazard Assessment for Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
Redoubt Volcano is a stratovolcano located within a few hundred kilometers of more than half of the population of Alaska. This volcano has erupted explosively at least six times since historical observations began in 1778. The most recent eruption occurred in 1989-90 and similar eruptions can be expected in the future. The early part of the 1989-90 eruption was characterized by explosive emission
Authors
Christopher F. Waythomas, Joseph M. Dorava, Thomas P. Miller, Christina A. Neal, Robert G. McGimsey
Volcano and earthquake hazards in the Crater Lake region, Oregon
Crater Lake lies in a basin, or caldera, formed
by collapse of the Cascade volcano known as Mount
Mazama during a violent, climactic eruption about
7,700 years ago. This event dramatically changed the
character of the volcano so that many potential types
of future events have no precedent there. This
potentially active volcanic center is contained within
Crater Lake National Park, visited b
Authors
Charles R. Bacon, Larry G. Mastin, Kevin M. Scott, Manuel Nathenson
Lahars of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines
On June 15, 1991, Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines exploded in the second largest volcanic eruption on Earth this century. This eruption deposited more than 1 cubic mile (5 cubic kilometers) of volcanic ash and rock fragments on the volcano's slopes. Within hours, heavy rains began to wash this material down into the surrounding lowlands in giant, fast-moving mudflows called lahars. In the next f
Authors
Christopher G. Newhall, Peter H. Stauffer, James W. Hendley
The Cataclysmic 1991 Eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines
The second-largest volcanic eruption of this century, and by far the largest eruption to affect a densely populated area, occurred at Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines on June 15, 1991. The eruption produced high-speed avalanches of hot ash and gas, giant mudflows, and a cloud of volcanic ash hundreds of miles across. The impacts of the eruption continue to this day.
Authors
Christopher G. Newhall, James W. Hendley, Peter H. Stauffer
Benefits of volcano monitoring far outweigh costs - the case of Mount Pinatubo
The climactic June 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines, was the largest volcanic eruption in this century to affect a heavily populated area. Because it was forecast by scientists from the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology and the U.S. Geological Survey, civil and military leaders were able to order massive evacuations and take measures to protect property before the erup
Authors
Chris G. Newhall, James W. Hendley, Peter H. Stauffer
Living with volcanic risk in the Cascades
The Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest has more than a dozen potentially active volcanoes. Cascade volcanoes tend to erupt explosively, and on average two eruptions occur per century—the most recent were at Mount St. Helens, Washington (1980–86 and 2004–8), and Lassen Peak, California (1914–17). To help protect the Pacific Northwest’s rapidly expanding population, USGS scientists at the Cascad
Authors
Daniel Dzurisin, Peter H. Stauffer, James W. Hendley
Comparative ultrastructure of two closely related thalassiosira species: Thalassiosira vulnifica (gombos) fenner and T. fasciculata Harwood et Maruyama
The distinctive morphology and relatively short geological range (3.25 to 2.5 Ma) of Thalassiosira vulniflca (Gombos) Fenner make it especially useful for Pliocene biostratigraphic studies in the Antarctic region. Thalassiosira fasciculata Harwood et Maruyama has a geological range (4.5 to 0.75 Ma) that overlaps that of T. vulnifica and it resembles this taxon in possessing prominent fultoportulae
Authors
Albert D. Mahood, John A. Barron
Characteristics of debris flows of noneruptive origin on Mount Shasta, northern California
Studies of Mount Shasta indicate that eruptive activity has occurred, on the average, once every 800 years. Debris flows and deposits of non- eruptive origin, in addition to those associated with eruptive activity (lava flows, pyroclastic flows, and ash fall), inundate the fans and channels and can endanger people or property on the flanks of the mountain. This study evaluates the source and chara
Authors
James C. Blodgett, Karen R. Poeschel, Waite R. Osterkamp
A preliminary survey of the broadband seismic wavefield at Puu Oo, the active vent of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
The seismic wavefield near an active volcanic vent consists of superimposed signals in a wide range of frequency bands from sources inside and outside the volcano. To characterize the broadband wavefield near Puu Oo, we deployed a profile of three three-component broadband sensors in a 200 m long line about 1.5 km WSW of the active vent. During this period, Puu Oo maintained a constant, but very l
Authors
D. Seidl, M. Hellweg, P. Okubo, H. Rademacher
Chemical analyses of hot springs, pools, and geysers from Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and vicinity, 1980-1993
No abstract available.
Authors
J. M. Thompson, J.M. DeMonge
Some facts about aftershocks to large earthquakes in California
Earthquakes occur in clusters. After one earthquake happens, we usually see others at nearby (or identical) locations. To talk about this phenomenon, seismologists coined three terms foreshock , mainshock , and aftershock. In any cluster of earthquakes, the one with the largest magnitude is called the mainshock; earthquakes that occur before the mainshock are called foreshocks while those that occ
Authors
Lucile M. Jones, Paul A. Reasenberg