Images

Mount Jefferson, Oregon, aerial view as seen from the west.

Mount Adams, Washington as seen from Mount St. Helens (west). Trees are covered in frost in the foreground.

Mount Jefferson (pointed peak in middle) and Three Sisters (to the right) in Oregon, south-facing aerial view as seen from Mount St. Helens.

The station recording this pattern of seismicity was called Yellow Rock (YEL), which was approximately 1 km north of the 2004-2008 vent. YEL was removed in 2007 before the advancing Crater Glacier reached it. The YEL site is now under a hundred or so feet of ice.

Global Positioning System receiver (dome on pole) and seismometer (box on ground in distance) at a volcano monitoring station for Three Sisters in Central Oregon. Solar panel mounted to pole.

Overlain photographs from a time-lapse camera show the East Lae‘apuki lava delta before and after part of the delta collapsed on August 27, 2005. The collapse occurred piecemeal during a 90-minute period. Loose rocks on the remaining delta were deposited there by large waves generated during the initial collapse.

Embayment of lava delta shows result of collapse. The initial collapse was large enough to send waves washing over much of the east half of the delta, because visibility was completely lost for almost 20 minutes, due to a steam white-out. Note rocky debris hurled by the waves onto the delta surface in foreground.

Caught by a time-lapse camera, collapse of East Lae‘apuki lava delta in the early morning hours of August 27, 2005, generated waves that swept large lava fragments onto the delta. Daylight revealed boulders as large as 1 m (3 ft) in diameter on the surviving delta surface directly beneath the camera.

Kīlauea Volcano's east Lae‘apuki lava delta pictured hours before it collapsed into the sea over a 90-minute period. White plume marks location of lava entering sea fed by a lava tube within delta.

Loowit Falls flows north out of Mount St. Helens crater. White building in upper right corner is the Loowit gage house, which contains an Acoustic Flow Monitor.

pāhoehoe lava spilling over sea cliff on south coast of Kīlauea Volcano starts to build a new lava delta. Only three days old, the delta grows slowly as lava spreads over fragmented debris and flows that have accumulated on the steep submarine slope.

Explosive interaction between lava and seawater blasts a tephra jet consisting of steam, hot water, black tephra, and molten fragments into the air. Such explosions are typically directed toward the sea, but many explosions also send a shower of lava more than 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 ft) inland.

Active lava delta at East Lae‘apuki on the south coast of Kīlauea Volcano. White gas plume (right) marks location of lava entering the sea through a lava tube whose location is shown by blueish fume (left and center). In early August 2005, the delta encompassed an area of about 12 hectares (30 acres).

Scientists maintain an Acoustic Flow Monitor (AMF) at Mount St. Helens, Washington. It detects ground movement associated with lahars.

A VHF radio receiving tower is set up on the slopes of Mauna Kea volcano on Hawai‘i Island, Hawai‘i. This setup allowed researchers to track radio tagged palila over large areas to determine where they were spending their time. 

Crater Creek warm springs, Mount Spurr Volcano. Chris Waythomas measuring temperature, pH, and conductivity.

Fissure 8 and the upper lava channel, as viewed during the early morning helicopter overflight on July 22, 2018.

South-facing aerial view of Mount St. Helens with Mount Hood (left) and Mount Jefferson (right) on the horizon. June 8, 2005.

USGS scientists measuring temperature in a deep borehole in Long Valley Caldera with the Sierra Nevada mountains in the background.

Park Butte Fire Lookout sits above a lava flow that erupted around 716,000 years ago near Mount Baker, Washington.

Ash collection from east Crater Glacier on Mount St. Helens with a dredge attached to a helicopter cable. Ash is analyzed to help scientists understand eruption characteristics.