Publications
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Migration of fluids beneath Yellowstone caldera inferred from satellite radar interferometry
Satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar is uniquely suited to monitoring year-to-year deformation of the entire Yellowstone caldera (about 3000 square kilometers). Sequential interferograms indicate that subsidence within the caldera migrated from one resurgent dome to the other between August 1992 and August 1995. Between August 1995 and September 1996, the caldera region near the nort
Authors
Charles W. Wicks, Wayne R. Thatcher, Daniel Dzurisin
The Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō-Kūpaianaha erruption of Kīlauea, November 1991–February 1994: Field data and flow maps
The Pu'u 'Ō'ō-Kūpaianaha eruption on the east rift zone of Kīlauea, which began in January 1983, is the longest-lived rift zone eruption of the last two centuries. By 1994, a broad field of lava, nearly 1 km3 in volume and 12 km wide at the coast, had buried 87 km2 of the volcano's south flank. The initial six months of fissure eruptions (episodes 1-3) were followed by three years of episodic lava
Authors
C. Christina Heliker, Margaret T. Mangan, Tari N. Mattox, James P. Kauahikaua
The Whakamaru group ignimbrites, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Evidence for reverse tapping of a zoned silicic magmatic system
The Whakamaru group ignimbrites are widespread voluminous welded ignimbrites which crop out along the eastern and western margins of the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), New Zealand. The ignimbrites have a combined volume exceeding 1000 km3, and were erupted from a large caldera in the central TVZ around 340 ka, following a c. 350 ka hiatus in caldera-forming activity in TVZ. Analysis of individual pumi
Authors
S. J. A. Brown, C. J. N. Wilson, J. W. Cole, J. Wooden
Objective delineation of lahar-inundation hazard zones
A new method of delineating lahar hazard zones in valleys that head on volcano flanks provides a rapid, objective, reproducible alternative to traditional methods. The rationale for the method derives from scaling analyses of generic lahar paths and statistical analyses of 27 lahar paths documented at nine volcanoes. Together these analyses yield semiempirical equations that predict inundated vall
Authors
Richard M. Iverson, Steven P. Schilling
An empirical method for estimating travel times for wet volcanic mass flows
Travel times for wet volcanic mass flows (debris avalanches and lahars) can be forecast as a function of distance from source when the approximate flow rate (peak discharge near the source) can be estimated beforehand. The near-source flow rate is primarily a function of initial flow volume, which should be possible to estimate to an order of magnitude on the basis of geologic, geomorphic, and hyd
Authors
Thomas C. Pierson
Sediment transport at gaging stations near Mount St. Helens, Washington, 1980-90. Data collection and analysis
River sedimentation caused by the May 18, 1980, eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington, has been monitored in a continuing program by the U.S. Geological Survey. In this report, sediment discharge and changes in sediment transport are summarized from data collected at stream-gaging stations near Mount St. Helens during the years 1980 through 1990. The objectives of the monitoring program include
Authors
Randal L. Dinehart
Detecting debris flows using ground vibrations
Debris flows are rapidly flowing mixtures of rock debris, mud, and water that originate on steep slopes. During and following volcanic eruptions, debris flows are among the most destructive and persistent hazards. Debris flows threaten lives and property not only on volcanoes but far downstream in valleys that drain volcanoes where they arrive suddenly and inundate entire valley bottoms. Debris fl
Authors
Richard G. LaHusen
Geology of Akutan Island, Alaska
No abstract available.
Authors
Donald H. Richter, Christopher F. Waythomas, Robert G. McGimsey, Peter L. Stelling
Mount Rainier: Living with perilous beauty
Mount Rainier is an active volcano reaching more than 2.7 miles (14,410 feet) above sea level. Its majestic edifice looms over expanding suburbs in the valleys that lead to nearby Puget Sound. USGS research over the last several decades indicates that Mount Rainier has been the source of many volcanic mudflows (lahars) that buried areas now densely populated. Now the USGS is working cooperatively
Authors
Kevin M. Scott, Edward W. Wolfe, Carolyn L. Driedger
Sulfur dioxide emission rates of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, 1979-1997
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rates from Kilauea Volcano were first measured by Stoiber and Malone (1975) and have been measured on a regular basis since 1979 (Casadevall and others, 1987; Greenland and others, 1985; Elias and others, 1993; Elias and Sutton, 1996). The purpose of this report is to present a compilation of Kilauea SO2 emission rate data from 1979 through 1997 with ancillary meteoro
Authors
Tamar Elias, A. J. Sutton, J. B. Stokes, T. J. Casadevall
Pebble orientation on large, experimental debris-flow deposits
Replicable, pronounced orientation of discoid pebbles (≥8 mm) embedded on surfaces of large (∼10 m3) experimental debris-flow deposits reveals that strongly aligned, imbricate fabric can develop rapidly over short distances in mass flows. Pebble long axes aligned subparallel to deposit margins as well as subparallel to margins of surge waves arrested within the deposits. Pebble alignment exhibited
Authors
J. J. Major
Experimental analysis of debris-flow deposition--process and effects of pore-fluid pressure
No abstract available.
Authors
Jon J. Major, Richard M. Iverson