Publications
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A constitutive equation for mass-movement behavior
A phenomenological constitutive equation can serve as a basis for modeling and classifying mass-movement processes. The equation is derived using the principles of continuum mechanics and several simplifying assumptions about mass-movement behavior. These assumptions represent idealizations of field behavior, but they appear highly justifiable in light of the geomorphological insight that can be g
Authors
Richard M. Iverson
Mid-Atlantic Ridge coccolith and silicoflagellate biostratigraphy, Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 558 and 563.
Low-latitude coccolith zonation can be used for biostratigraphy at Mid-Atlantic Ridge sites DSDP 558 (lat. 38°N) and DSDP 563 (lat. 34°N). The low-latitude zonal sequence from lower Oligocene to Holocene is interrupted by coolwater assemblages in upper middle Miocene and by hiatuses that removed the lower Pliocene and part of the upper Pliocene. A gap in the range of zonal guide fossil Discoaster
Authors
David Bukry
Tropical Pacific silicoflagellate zonation and paleotemperature trends of the late Cenozoic
Quantitative study of late Cenozoic silicoflagellates at tropical Pacific DSDP Sites 572 and 575 shows that the greatest amplitude of fluctuation in relative paleotemperature values occurred in the late Miocene. The coolest minimum paleotemperature values (near 75 = 30) also occurred in the late Miocene. The warmest intervals (Ts = 80 to 100) occurred in the middle Miocene and late Pliocene to Qua
Authors
David Bukry
A comparison of eruption and magma reservoirs of Krakatau, Mount St Helens and Galunggung
No abstract available
Authors
C. G. Newhall, R.W. Decker, A.S. Sumartadipura, R. I. Tilling, D. W. Peterson
Impact on the Columbia River of an outburst of Spirit Lake
A one-dimensional sediment-transport computer model was used to study the effects of an outburst of Spirit Lake on the Columbia River. According to the model, flood sediment discharge to the Columbia from the Cowlitz would form a blockage to a height of 44 feet above the current streambed of the Columbia River, corresponding to a new streambed elevation of -3 feet, that would impound the waters of
Authors
W. G. Sikonia
Eruption in an ice-filled caldera, Mount Veniaminof, Alaska Peninsula: A section in The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments during 1983
The more prominent of the two visible intracaldera cones of Mount Veniaminof went into eruption in early June 1983 and continued until early April 1984. Veniaminof is a 2,507-m-high composite cone having an 8 x 11-km summit caldera which formed 3,300-3,700 yr B.P. (Miller and Smith, 1977). The active 1.6x1.2-km cone protrudes 200 m through the glacial ice filling the caldera; it lies in a 60-m-lon
Authors
M. Elizabeth Yount, Thomas P. Miller, Richard P. Emanuel, Frederic H. Wilson
Monitoring the hydrothermal system in Long Valley caldera, California
An ongoing program to monitor the hydrothermal system in Long Valley for changes caused by volcanic or tectonic processes has produced considerable data on the water chemistry and discharge of springs and fluid temperatures and pressures in wells. Chemical and isotopic data collected under this program have greatly expanded the knowledge of chemical variability both in space and time. Although no
Authors
C. D. Farrar, M. L. Sorey
Origin of Hawaiian tholeiite: A metasomatic model
Two voluminous magma types generated in the mantle underlying the Pacific plate are mid‐ocean ridge tholeiite (MORB) erupted at the East Pacific Rise spreading center and Hawaiian tholeiite (HT) erupted above the Hawaiian hot spot or melting anomaly. MORB has low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios and low amounts of all incompatible trace elements including rare earths; chondrite‐normalized patterns are dep
Authors
Thomas L. Wright
Deformation in the White Mountain seismic gap, California-Nevada, 1972-1982
A 100×40 km trilateration network extending from Bishop, California, to near Hawthorne, Nevada, crosses the east end of the Long Valley caldera, site of renewed magma inflation in the 1979–1980 interval, and spans most of the White Mountain seismic gap. The network was surveyed in 1972, 1973, 1976, 1979, 1980, and 1982. The 1980 survey may be contaminated by a scale error. In addition, leveling su
Authors
James C. Savage, Michael Lisowski
Volcanic hazards in Indonesia: The 1982-83 eruption of Galunggung
Indonesia faces a perpetual volcanic-hazards problem of enormous proportions, exemplified by the 1982-83 eruption of Galunggung in West Java. Though moderate in size, this caused widespread destruction and a marked socio-economic impact on more than half a million people. The prolonged activity provided and opportunity for the Volcanological Survey of Indonesia to conduct systematic monitoring stu
Authors
A. Sudradjat, Robert I. Tilling
Forecasting eruptions in the Circum-Pacific
Many important advances have been made in the last few years in the techniques and approaches to forecasting volcanic eruptions. Yet some of the most dangerous volcanoes are in countries unable to provide either the equipment or the skills to monitor them and to warn endangered residents. This review of the many scientific, technical, social and even political factory involved in volcano forecasti
Authors
J.G. Souther, Robert I. Tilling, R.S. Punongbayan