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Publications

Dive into our publications and explore the science from the Environmental Health Program (Toxic Substances Hydrology and Contaminant Biology).

Filter Total Items: 3787

Measurement of variation in soil solute tracer concentration across a range of effective pore sizes

Solute transport concepts in soil are based on speculation that solutes are distributed nonuniformly within large and small pores. Solute concentrations have not previously been measured across a range of pore sizes and examined in relation to soil hydrological properties. For this study, modified pressure cells were used to measure variation in concentration of a solute tracer across a range of p
Authors
Judson W. Harvey

Transport and accumulation of radionuclides and stable elements in a Missouri River Reservoir

Several long sediment cores from the Cheyenne River Embayment of Lake Oahe, a 250-km-long Missouri River reservoir in South Dakota, have been analyzed for radionuclides and stable elements. The combination of fine-scale sampling and rapid sedimentation produces radionuclide distributions that can be used to estimate the detailed chronology of particle transport processes in the Oahe reservoir syst
Authors
Edward Callender, John A. Robbins

Comparison of Penman-Monteith, Shuttleworth-Wallace, and modified Priestley-Taylor evapotranspiration models for wildland vegetation in semiarid rangeland

Eddy correlation measurements of sensible and latent heat flux are used with measurements of net radiation, soil heat flux, and other micrometeorological variables to develop the Penman-Monteith, Shuttleworth-Wallace, and modified Priestley-Taylor evapotranspiration models for use in a sparsely vegetated, semiarid rangeland. The Penman-Monteith model, a one-component model designed for use with de
Authors
David I. Stannard

Sampling colloids and colloid-associated contaminants in ground water

It has recently been recognized that mobile colloids may affect the transport of contaminants in ground water. To determine the significance of this process, knowledge of both the total mobile load (dissolved + colloid-associated) and the dissolved concentration of a ground-water contaminant must be obtained. Additional information regarding mobile colloid characteristics and concentrations are re
Authors
Debera A. Backhus, Joseph N. Ryan, Daniel M. Groher, John K. MacFarlane, Philip M. Gschwend

Confirmation of rate-dependent behavior in water retention during drainage in nonswelling porous materials

In the water retention process in porous material, changes in water content are assumed to be independent of the rate at which the matric potential varies. Periodically, researchers have presented results that do not support this assumption, indicating that water retention may be rate-dependent under certain conditions. In the present study, long-term experiments were performed on five porous mate
Authors
Jim Constantz

Restoration of lowland streams: an introduction

This paper introduces the Lowland Streams Restoration Workshop that was held in Lund, Sweden in August 1991.Attenders at the Workshop participated in working groups which discussed and reported on the state of knowledge of stream restoration and identified critical areas of information need. Currently, most restoration efforts are emission‐orientated (i.e. waste‐water management), while the imitat
Authors
L.L. Osborne, P.B. Bayley, L.W.G. Higler, B. Statzner, F. Triska, T. Moth Iverson

Aspects of the biogeochemistry of methane in Mono Lake and the Mono Basin of California

Above-ambient levels of methane and higher hydrocarbons were detected in the atmosphere of the Mono Basin. These gases emanated from several different sources, including natural gas seeps (thermogenic and biogenic), and methanogenic activity in sediments. Seeps were distributed over nearly 33% of the lake bottom and were also present in the exposed former lakebed. They originated from one or more
Authors
Ronald S. Oremland, Laurence G. Miller, Charles Colbertson, S.W. Robinson, Richard L. Smith, D. R. Lovley, Michael J. Whiticar, G. King, Ronald P. Kiene, Niels Iversen, Melinda Sargent

Geochemical models

No abstract available. 
Authors
David L. Parkhurst, L.N. Plummer