Publications
Filter Total Items: 2677
Frictional-faulting model for harmonic tremor before Redoubt Volcano eruptions
Seismic unrest, indicative of subsurface magma transport and pressure changes within fluid-filled cracks and conduits, often precedes volcanic eruptions. An intriguing form of volcano seismicity is harmonic tremor, that is, sustained vibrations in the range of 0.5–5 Hz. Many source processes can generate harmonic tremor. Harmonic tremor in the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, has been lin
Authors
Ksenia Dmitrieva, Alicia J. Hotovec-Ellis, Stephanie G. Prejean, Eric M. Dunham
Magma mixing and the generation of isotopically juvenile silicic magma at Yellowstone caldera inferred from coupling 238U–230Th ages with trace elements and Hf and O isotopes in zircon and Pb isotopes in sanidine
The nature of compositional heterogeneity within large silicic magma bodies has important implications for how silicic reservoirs are assembled and evolve through time. We examine compositional heterogeneity in the youngest (~170 to 70 ka) post-caldera volcanism at Yellowstone caldera, the Central Plateau Member (CPM) rhyolites, as a case study. We compare 238U–230Th age, trace-element, and Hf iso
Authors
Mark E. Stelten, Kari M. Cooper, Jorge A. Vazquez, Mary R. Reid, Gry H. Barfod, Josh Wimpenny, Qing-Zhu Yin
Constraints on magma processes, subsurface conditions, and total volatile flux at Bezymianny Volcano in 2007–2010 from direct and remote volcanic gas measurements
Direct and remote measurements of volcanic gas composition, SO2 flux, and eruptive SO2 mass from Bezymianny Volcano were acquired between July 2007 and July 2010. Chemical composition of fumarolic gases, plume SO2 flux from ground and air-based ultraviolet remote sensing (FLYSPEC), and eruptive SO2 mass from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite observations were used along with eruption tim
Authors
Taryn Lopez, Sergey Ushakov, Pavel Izbekov, Franco Tassi, Cathy Cahill, Owen Neill, Cynthia A. Werner
TerraSAR-X interferometry reveals small-scale deformation associated with the summit eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
On 19 March 2008, a small explosive eruption at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, heralded the formation of a new vent along the east wall of Halema‘uma‘u Crater. In the ensuing years, the vent widened due to collapses of the unstable rim and conduit wall; some collapses impacted an actively circulating lava pond and resulted in small explosive events. We used synthetic aperture radar data c
Authors
Nichole Richter, Michael P. Poland, Paul R. Lundgren
Strongly gliding harmonic tremor during the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano
During the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, gliding harmonic tremor occurred prominently before six nearly consecutive explosions during the second half of the eruptive sequence. The fundamental frequency repeatedly glided upward from < 1 Hz to as high as 30 Hz in less than 10 min, followed by a relative seismic quiescence of 10 to 60 s immediately prior to explosion. High frequency (5 to
Authors
Alicia J. Hotovec, Stephanie G. Prejean, John E. Vidale, Joan S. Gomberg
Seismic observations of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska - 1989-2010 and a conceptual model of the Redoubt magmatic system
Seismic activity at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, has been closely monitored since 1989 by a network of five to ten seismometers within 22 km of the volcano's summit. Major eruptions occurred in 1989-1990 and 2009 and were characterized by large volcanic explosions, episodes of lava dome growth and failure, pyroclastic flows, and lahars.
Seismic features of the 1989-1990 eruption were 1) weak precurso
Authors
John A. Power, Scott D. Stihler, Bernard A. Chouet, Matthew M. Haney, D.M. Ketner
Environmental, depositional and cultural changes in the upper Pleistocene and early Holocene; the Cinglera del Capello Sequence (Capellades, Spain)
The correlation between environmental and cultural changes is one of the primary archeological and paleoanthropological research topics. Analysis of ice and marine cores has yielded a high-resolution record of millennial-scale changes during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene eras. However, cultural changes are documented in low-resolution continental deposits; thus, their correlation with the mill
Authors
Manuel Vaquero, Ethel Allué, James L. Bischoff, Francesc Burjachs, Josep Vallverdú
Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 2011
The Volcano Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is part of the Geologic Hazards Assessments subactivity, as funded by Congressional appropriation. Investigations are carried out by the USGS and with cooperators at the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, University of Hawaii Manoa and Hilo, University of Utah,
Authors
Manuel Nathenson
Applying UV cameras for SO2 detection to distant or optically thick volcanic plumes
Ultraviolet (UV) camera systems represent an exciting new technology for measuring two dimensional sulfur dioxide (SO2) distributions in volcanic plumes. The high frame rate of the cameras allows the retrieval of SO2 emission rates at time scales of 1 Hz or higher, thus allowing the investigation of high-frequency signals and making integrated and comparative studies with other high-data-rate volc
Authors
Christoph Kern, Cynthia Werner, Tamar Elias, A. Jeff Sutton, Peter Lübcke
Geochronologic and geochemical data from Mesozoic rocks in the Black Mountain area northeast of Victorville, San Bernardino County, California
We present geochronologic and geochemical data for Mesozoic rocks in the Black Mountain area northeast of Victorville, California, to supplement previous geologic mapping. These data, together with previously published results, limit the depositional age of the sedimentary Fairview Valley Formation to Early Jurassic, refine the ages and chemical compositions of selected units in the overlying Jura
Authors
Paul Stone, Andrew P. Barth, Joseph L. Wooden, Nicole K. Fohey-Breting, Jorge A. Vazquez, Susan S. Priest
By
Energy and Minerals Mission Area, Volcano Hazards Program, Energy Resources Program, Mineral Resources Program, National Laboratories Program, Science and Decisions Center, Groundwater and Streamflow Information Program, Volcano Science Center, Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center
Exploring Hawaiian volcanism
In 1912 the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) was established by Massachusetts Institute of Technology professor Thomas A. Jaggar Jr. on the island of Hawaii. Driven by the devastation he observed while investigating the volcanic disasters of 1902 at Montagne Pelée in the Caribbean, Jaggar conducted a worldwide search and decided that Hawai‘i provided an excellent natural laboratory for systemati
Authors
Michael P. Poland, Paul G. Okubo, Ken Hon
The role of viscous magma mush spreading in volcanic flank motion at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Multiple mechanisms have been suggested to explain seaward motion of the south flank of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i. The consistency of flank motion during both waxing and waning magmatic activity at Kīlauea suggests that a continuously acting force, like gravity body force, plays a substantial role. Using finite element models, we test whether gravity is the principal driver of long-term motion of K
Authors
C. Plattner, F. Amelung, S. Baker, R. Govers, Michael P. Poland