An HVO geologist uses GPS to map and track the progress of an ‘A‘ā lava flow in Royal Gardens subdivision in 2008. USGS photo.
Images
![Geology provides the foundation for volcano monitoring...](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/vhp_img2833.jpg?itok=9RlbnWCQ)
An HVO geologist uses GPS to map and track the progress of an ‘A‘ā lava flow in Royal Gardens subdivision in 2008. USGS photo.
An HVO scientist collects gravity data from a site on the rim of Kīlauea caldera. The active summit vent in Halema‘uma‘u Crater is visible in the background. USGS photo.
An HVO scientist collects gravity data from a site on the rim of Kīlauea caldera. The active summit vent in Halema‘uma‘u Crater is visible in the background. USGS photo.
Estimated coastal inundation (blue shading) at Mission Bay in San Diego, California, using the Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) developed for ARkStorm. (From USGS Open-File Report 2010-1312.)
Estimated coastal inundation (blue shading) at Mission Bay in San Diego, California, using the Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) developed for ARkStorm. (From USGS Open-File Report 2010-1312.)
Mount Baker's northeastern face, Washington.
Mount Baker's northeastern face, Washington.
![Map of Kīlauea Volcano showing the south-southeast motion, as recor...](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/vhp_img3341.png?itok=dXsAObs_)
Map of Kīlauea Volcano showing the south-southeast motion, as recorded by continuous GPS sites (arrows), and earthquake epicenter between February 1-3, 2010.
Map of Kīlauea Volcano showing the south-southeast motion, as recorded by continuous GPS sites (arrows), and earthquake epicenter between February 1-3, 2010.
Shaded relief image of Northern Cape Cod Bay, MA
Shaded relief image of Northern Cape Cod Bay, MA
![Volcanic monitoring types and methods employed by the USGS Volcano ...](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/vhp_img1138.jpg?itok=MujnfECy)
Volcanic monitoring types and methods employed by the USGS Volcano Hazards Program.
Volcanic monitoring types and methods employed by the USGS Volcano Hazards Program.
![Location of earthquakes as a function of depth and size in the northeastern Caribbean.](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/thumbnails/image/location_220at.gif?itok=WEugTxmn)
Location of earthquakes as a function of depth and size in the northeastern Caribbean.
Location of earthquakes as a function of depth and size in the northeastern Caribbean.
![Topographic and bathymetric map of the island of Hispaniola.](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/thumbnails/image/history-fig01.png?itok=3hBGD7rd)
Map of the island of Hispaniola that include the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Fault traces are shown as lines with the following descriptions: barbed=thrust fault; solid=strike-slip fault with arrows showing relative direction of motion; black and white=normal fault.
Map of the island of Hispaniola that include the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Fault traces are shown as lines with the following descriptions: barbed=thrust fault; solid=strike-slip fault with arrows showing relative direction of motion; black and white=normal fault.
![Topography and bathymetry map of the Northeastern Caribbean.](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/thumbnails/image/history-fig02_1.jpg?itok=KIgRiTiH)
Map of the Northeastern Caribbean: topography is in shades of green and bathymetry in shades of blue. Fault traces are shown as lines with the following descriptions: barbed=thrust fault; solid=strike-slip fault with arrows showing relative direction of motion; black and white=normal fault. Faults outlined in red have a potential to generate a large earthquake.
Map of the Northeastern Caribbean: topography is in shades of green and bathymetry in shades of blue. Fault traces are shown as lines with the following descriptions: barbed=thrust fault; solid=strike-slip fault with arrows showing relative direction of motion; black and white=normal fault. Faults outlined in red have a potential to generate a large earthquake.
![HVO geologist describes activity from Kīlauea Volcano during a fiel...](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/vhp_img5432.jpg?itok=f7PxuyoG)
HVO geologist describes activity from Kīlauea Volcano during a field trip to the coastal lava flow field for members of the media in 2010.
HVO geologist describes activity from Kīlauea Volcano during a field trip to the coastal lava flow field for members of the media in 2010.
![Comparison of observed near-bed velocities and modeled near-bed velocities using several bottom-roughness formulations.](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/thumbnails/image/mvco_roughness.png?itok=fuwSdd9K)
Comparison of observed near-bed velocities and modeled near-bed velocities using several bottom-roughness formulations. Velocity vectors are overlaid on map of backscatter from the sea floor showing regions with coarse sand (light color) and fine sand (dark colors). White lines are bathymetry contours.
Comparison of observed near-bed velocities and modeled near-bed velocities using several bottom-roughness formulations. Velocity vectors are overlaid on map of backscatter from the sea floor showing regions with coarse sand (light color) and fine sand (dark colors). White lines are bathymetry contours.
!["Sea Level Rise, Subsidence, and Wetland Loss" video screenshot](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/thumbnails/image/v20-6-Screen%20Shot%202018-10-28%20at%2011.40.58%20AM%20copy__1546618699362.png?itok=B8Vd1Ezc)
Sea Level Rise, Subsidence, and Wetland Loss. This video describes causes of wetland loss in the Mississippi River Delta. Rapid land subsidence due to sediment compaction and dewatering increases the rate of submergence in this deltaic system.
Sea Level Rise, Subsidence, and Wetland Loss. This video describes causes of wetland loss in the Mississippi River Delta. Rapid land subsidence due to sediment compaction and dewatering increases the rate of submergence in this deltaic system.
Elliot State Forest.
![A long barrier island, mainly sandy with some vegetation, has a sediment berm placed along the shoreface.](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/thumbnails/image/Karen_2010_final%20berm%20shot_Original2.jpg?itok=_ENOWc3h)
Sediment berm placement in the shoreface of northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana
Sediment berm placement in the shoreface of northern Chandeleur Islands, Louisiana
Simulation results for geomorphic change in Suisun Bay, CA (Ganju and Schoellhamer, 2010)
Simulation results for geomorphic change in Suisun Bay, CA (Ganju and Schoellhamer, 2010)
Water molecules (1 red oxygen and 2 white hydrogens) form a pentagonal dodecahedron around a methane molecule (1 gray carbon and 4 green hydrogens). This represents 2 of the 8 parts of the typical Structure I gas hydrate molecule.
Water molecules (1 red oxygen and 2 white hydrogens) form a pentagonal dodecahedron around a methane molecule (1 gray carbon and 4 green hydrogens). This represents 2 of the 8 parts of the typical Structure I gas hydrate molecule.
The Instrumented Pressure Testing Chamber (IPTC). A device for measuring the physical properties of naturally-occurring, hydrate-bearing sediment at nearly in situ pressure conditions
The Instrumented Pressure Testing Chamber (IPTC). A device for measuring the physical properties of naturally-occurring, hydrate-bearing sediment at nearly in situ pressure conditions
![Helicorder for Plate Boundary Observatory borehole seismometer](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/vhp_img146.png?itok=DO3-gXMm)
Seismicity is shown for January 17, 2010 through the Feb 8, 2010. Borehole seismometer B207 is located about 7 miles (12 km) northeast of the 2010 swarm. Seismic data are provided by the National Science Foundation funded Plate Boundary Observatory operated by UNAVCO.
Seismicity is shown for January 17, 2010 through the Feb 8, 2010. Borehole seismometer B207 is located about 7 miles (12 km) northeast of the 2010 swarm. Seismic data are provided by the National Science Foundation funded Plate Boundary Observatory operated by UNAVCO.
Fast-moving lava flows erupted from Mauna Iki were hand-colored in this black-and-white photo taken on May 17, 1920. Historic photo courtesy of Roger and Barbara Myers.
Fast-moving lava flows erupted from Mauna Iki were hand-colored in this black-and-white photo taken on May 17, 1920. Historic photo courtesy of Roger and Barbara Myers.
![Suspended sediment sample collection from the North Fork Toutle Riv...](https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/styles/masonry/public/vhp_img1023.jpg?itok=9PTk8rZZ)
Suspended sediment sample collection from the North Fork Toutle River above the Sediment Retention Structure, downstream from Mount St. Helens.
Suspended sediment sample collection from the North Fork Toutle River above the Sediment Retention Structure, downstream from Mount St. Helens.