Publications
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Reply to "Comment on 'A model of earthquake triggering probabilities and application to dynamic deformations constrained by ground motion observations' by Ross Stein"
No abstract available.
Authors
J. Gomberg, K. Felzer
Stress transfer among en echelon and opposing thrusts and tear faults: Triggering caused by the 2003 Mw = 6.9 Zemmouri, Algeria, earthquake
The essential features of stress interaction among earthquakes on en echelon thrusts and tear faults were investigated, first through idealized examples and then by study of thrust faulting in Algeria. We calculated coseismic stress changes caused by the 2003 Mw = 6.9 Zemmouri earthquake, finding that a large majority of the Zemmouri afterslip sites were brought several bars closer to Coulomb fail
Authors
J. Lin, R. S. Stein, M. Meghraoui, S. Toda, A. Ayadi, C. Dorbath, S. Belabbes
Estimating surface faulting impacts from the shakeout scenario earthquake
An earthquake scenario, based on a kinematic rupture model, has been prepared for a Mw 7.8 earthquake on the southern San Andreas Fault. The rupture distribution, in the context of other historic large earthquakes, is judged reasonable for the purposes of this scenario. This model is used as the basis for generating a surface rupture map and for assessing potential direct impacts on lifelines and
Authors
J.A. Treiman, D.J. Pontib
Characteristics, distribution, origin, and significance of opaline silica observed by the Spirit rover in Gusev crater, Mars
The presence of outcrops and soil (regolith) rich in opaline silica (∼65–92 wt % SiO2) in association with volcanic materials adjacent to the “Home Plate” feature in Gusev crater is evidence for hydrothermal conditions. The Spirit rover has supplied a diverse set of observations that are used here to better understand the formation of silica and the activity, abundance, and fate of water in the fi
Authors
S. W. Ruff, J.D. Farmer, W. M. Calvin, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, J. R. Johnson, R.V. Morris, M.S. Rice, R. E. Arvidson, J.F. Bell, P. R. Christensen, S. W. Squyres
Absence of remotely triggered large earthquakes beyond the mainshock region
Large earthquakes are known to trigger earthquakes elsewhere. Damaging large aftershocks occur close to the mainshock and microearthquakes are triggered by passing seismic waves at significant distances from the mainshock. It is unclear, however, whether bigger, more damaging earthquakes are routinely triggered at distances far from the mainshock, heightening the global seismic hazard after every
Authors
T. Parsons, A.A. Velasco
Modifications to existing ground-motion prediction equations in light of new data
We compare our recent ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for western North America (WNA; Boore and Atkinson, 2008 [BA08]) and eastern North America (ENA; Atkinson and Boore, 2006 [AB06]; Atkinson, 2008 [A08]) to newly available ground-motion data. Based on these comparisons, we suggest revisions to our GMPEs for both WNA and ENA. The revisions for WNA affect only those events with M ≤ 5:75
Authors
G. M. Atkinson, D. M. Boore
The ShakeOut earthquake source and ground motion simulations
The ShakeOut Scenario is premised upon the detailed description of a hypothetical Mw 7.8 earthquake on the southern San Andreas Fault and the associated simulated ground motions. The main features of the scenario, such as its endpoints, magnitude, and gross slip distribution, were defined through expert opinion and incorporated information from many previous studies. Slip at smaller length scales,
Authors
R.W. Graves, Douglas B. Houston, K.W. Hudnut
Segregating gas from melt: an experimental study of the Ostwald ripening of vapor bubbles in magmas
Diffusive coarsening (Ostwald ripening) of H2O and H2O-CO2 bubbles in rhyolite and basaltic andesite melts was studied with elevated temperature–pressure experiments to investigate the rates and time spans over which vapor bubbles may enlarge and attain sufficient buoyancy to segregate in magmatic systems. Bubble growth and segregation are also considered in terms of classical steady-state and tra
Authors
Nicole C. Lautze, Thomas W. Sisson, Margaret T. Mangan, Timothy L. Grove
Bounce Rock-A shergottite-like basalt encountered at Meridiani Planum, Mars
The Opportunity rover of the Mars Exploration Rover mission encountered an isolated rock fragment with textural, mineralogical, and chemical properties similar to basaltic shergottites. This finding was confirmed by all rover instruments, and a comprehensive study of these results is reported here. Spectra from the miniature thermal emission spectrometer and the Panoramic Camera reveal a pyroxene-
Authors
J. Zipfel, C. Schroder, B.L. Jolliff, Ralf Gellert, K. E. Herkenhoff, R. Rieder, R. Anderson, J.F. Bell, J. Brückner, J.A. Crisp, P. R. Christensen, B. C. Clark, P.A. de Souza, G. Dreibus, C. D'uston, T. Economou, S.P. Gorevan, B.C. Hahn, G. Klingelhofer, T.J. McCoy, H.Y. McSween, D. W. Ming, R.V. Morris, D.S. Rodionov, S. W. Squyres, H. Wanke, S.P. Wright, M.B. Wyatt, A. S. Yen
Evidence of volcanic and glacial activity in Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae, Mars
Chryse and Acidalia Planitiae show numerous examples of enigmatic landforms previously interpreted to have been influenced by a water/ice-rich geologic history. These landforms include giant polygons bounded by kilometer-scale arcuate troughs, bright pitted mounds, and mesa-like features. To investigate the significance of the last we have analyzed in detail the region between 60°N, 290°E and 10°N
Authors
Sara Martinez-Alonso, Michael T. Mellon, Maria E. Banks, Laszlo P. Keszthelyi, Alfred S. McEwen
The 16 May 1909 northern Great Plains earthquake
The largest historical earthquake in the northern Great Plains occurred on 16 May 1909. Our analysis of intensity assignments places the earthquake location (48.81° N, 105.38° W) close to the Montana–Saskatchewan border with an intensity magnitude MI of 5.3–5.4. Observations from two seismic observatories in Europe give an average Ms value of 5.3. The 1909 earthquake is near an alignment of epicen
Authors
W. H. Bakun, M. C. Stickney, Gary C. Rogers
A data-driven approach for modeling post-fire debris-flow volumes and their uncertainty
This study demonstrates the novel application of genetic programming to evolve nonlinear post-fire debris-flow volume equations from variables associated with a data-driven conceptual model of the western United States. The search space is constrained using a multi-component objective function that simultaneously minimizes root-mean squared and unit errors for the evolution of fittest equations. A
Authors
Michael J. Friedel