Publications
These publications showcase the significant science conducted in our Science Centers.
Filter Total Items: 16785
A hybrid microcomputer system for geological investigations
No abstract available.
Authors
F.W. Jennings, J.M. Botbol, G. I. Evenden
Trap efficiency of a sediment-control pond below a block-cut coal mine in Fayette County, Pennsylvania
The U. S. Geological Survey determined the efficiency of a pond constructed to control sediment from a surface coal mine site by measuring runoff and sediment loads at the inlet to and discharge from the pond during storms. The pond is below a 17.9-acre block-cut coal mine in Fayette County, Pennsylvania and has a permanent pool capacity of 60,000 cu ft. The capacity at the principal spillway and
Authors
L.A. Reed, L.E. DiLissio, D.E. Stump
Calculating sediment discharge from a highway construction site in central Pennsylvania
The Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, the Federal Highway Administration, and the U.S. Geological Survey have cooperated in a study to evaluate two methods of predicting sediment yields during highway construction.
Sediment yields were calculated using the Universal Soil Loss and the Younkin Sediment Prediction Equations. Results were compared to the actual measured values, and st
Authors
L.A. Reed, J. R. Ward, K. L. Wetzel
Reconnaissance of mine drainage in the coal fields of eastern Pennsylvania
Anthracite has been extensively mined in four areas of eastern Pennsylvania. Almost all underground mining in the four areas, the Northern, Eastern Middle, Western Middle, and Southern Fields, has been discontinued and many mines are abandoned and flooded. Precipitation on much of the 408 square miles of coal fields infiltrates to the underground mine complexes, and is discharged as mine drainage
Authors
D.J. Growitz, L.A. Reed, M.M. Beard
Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in Pennsylvania
This report documents a cost-effectiveness study of the stream-gaging program in Pennsylvania. Data uses and funding were identified for 223 continuous-record stream gages operated in 1983; four are planned for discontinuance at the close of water-year 1985; two are suggested for conversion, at the beginning of the 1985 water year, for the collection of only continuous stage records. Two of 11 spe
Authors
H.N. Flippo, T.E. Behrendt
Determination of reaeration-rate coefficients of the Wabash River, Indiana, by the modified tracer technique
The modified tracer technique was used to determine reaeration-rate coefficients in the Wabash River in reaches near Lafayette and Terre Haute, Indiana, at streamflows ranging from 2,310 to 7,400 cu ft/sec. Chemically pure (CP grade) ethylene was used as the tracer gas, and rhodamine-WT dye was used as the dispersion-dilution tracer. Reaeration coefficients determined for a 13.5-mi reach near Terr
Authors
Charles G. Crawford
Hydrologic effects of ground- and surface-water withdrawals in the Howe area, Lagrange County, Indiana
Geometry and hydraulic characteristics of a 46.5 sq mi area of the sand and gravel outwash-aquifer system between Fawn and Pigeon Rivers in Lagrange County were defined in a study of the effect of current and potential uses of water on the aquifer, streams, lakes, and wetlands. There are three aquifers: Aquifer 1, a surficial water table aquifer that ranges from 10 to 60 ft in thickness, hydraulic
Authors
Z. C. Bailey, T. K. Greeman, E. J. Crompton
Hydrologic effects of ground- and surface-water withdrawals in the Milford area, Elkhart and Kosciusko counties, Indiana
Agricultural irrigation in northern Indiana has increased rapidly since 1975 and might double by the year 2000. A 16.5 square-mile area in north-central Indiana was studied to determine possible effects of increased irrigation on local water supply. In 1982, an average of 2 inches of water was used to irrigate 975 acres of sandy soil overlying highly transmissive outwash deposits. Irrigational pum
Authors
H.A. Lindgren, J. G. Peters, D.A. Cohen, E. J. Crompton
Chemical and isotopic characteristics of brines from three oil- and gas-producing sandstones in eastern Ohio, with applications to the geochemical tracing of brine sources
Chemical and isotopic characteristics of selected inorganic constituents are reported for brines from the Berea Sandstone of Mississippian age, the Clinton sandstone, Albion Sandstone of Silurian age, and the Rose Run formation of Cambrian and Ordovician age in 24 counties in eastern Ohio. Ionic concentrations of dissolved constituents in brines from these formations generally fall in the followin
Authors
K. J. Breen, Clifford G. Angelo, Robert W. Masters, Alan C. Sedam
Effects of surface mining on streamflow, suspended-sediment, and water quality in the Stony Fork drainage basin, Fayette County, Pennsylvania
A study of the Stony Fork basin in southern Fayette County, Pennsylvania, from 1977 through 1980 determined the impacts of surface coal mining on surface-water quality. Stony Fork was sampled at six sites, during which time the area of surface mines increased from 0.5 to 5.5 percent of the study area. Streamflow, suspended-sediment, and water quality data were collected at gaging stations upstream
Authors
D.E. Stump, T.M. Mastrilli
An underwater instrument for determining bearing capacity of shallow marine sediments
A small, portable, underwater instrument for measuring carbonate substrate bearing capacity in situ is described. The device was used in various shallow water (< 9 m) carbonate reef environments. Criteria for design and operation were based on ability to deliver controlled levels of stress to bearing plates of various sizes, operability underwater by scuba divers, transportability, and cost.
Authors
Ronald C. Circe
Slumping and shallow faulting related to the presence of salt on the Continental Slope and rise off North Carolina
Seismic reflection profiles and long- and medium-range sidescan sonar were used to investigate a salt diapir complex and area of slope instability near the base of the Continental Slope off North Carolina. Within the area of investigation three diapirs are bounded on their upslope side by a scarp 60 m high and 50 km long. The slope above the scarp is characterized by a series of shallow rotational
Authors
K. V. Cashman, P. Popenoe