Carolyn Enquist, Ph.D. (Former Employee)
Science and Products
Building Knowledge Exchange Networks to Support Climate Adaptation in the Interior Southwest
The Interior Southwest (Arizona, Nevada, and Utah) is home to a vast and diverse geography consisting of deep canyons, great expanses of desert, mountain ranges, and forests, as well as diverse human communities. The majority of the land in these states is held by state, federal and tribal entities; and environmental changes pose challenges to the management of these public and tribal...
Filter Total Items: 24
Vegetation type conversion in the US Southwest: Frontline observations and management responses Vegetation type conversion in the US Southwest: Frontline observations and management responses
Forest and nonforest ecosystems of the western United States are experiencing major transformations in response to land-use change, climate warming, and their interactive effects with wildland fire. Some ecosystems are transitioning to persistent alternative types, hereafter called “vegetation type conversion” (VTC). VTC is one of the most pressing management issues in the southwestern...
Authors
Christopher H. Guiterman, Rachel M. Gregg, Laura A.E. Marshall, Jill Beckmann, Phillip J. van Mantgem, Donald A. Falk, Jon Keeley, Anthony C. Caprio, Jonathan D. Coop, Paula J. Fornwalt, Collin Haffey, R. Keala Hagmann, Stephen Jackson, Ann M. Lynch, Ellis Margolis, Christopher Marks, Marc D. Meyer, Hugh Safford, Alexandra Dunya Syphard, Alan H. Taylor, Craig Wilcox, Dennis Carril, Carolyn Armstrong Enquist, David W. Huffman, Jose Iniguez, Nicole A. Molinari, Christina M Restaino, Jens T. Stevens
Scenario Planning Around Resource Challenges (SPARC): A management-centered approach to scenario planning for climate adaptation Scenario Planning Around Resource Challenges (SPARC): A management-centered approach to scenario planning for climate adaptation
Scenario planning is a strategy or framework that aids making decisions under uncertainty. Inspired by widespread use in the areas of military and business, recent work has applied the strategy to anticipate the effects of climate change on natural resource management. Most scenario planning efforts identify scenarios based on uncertain response in two key drivers of change (e.g...
Authors
Alexander Bryan, Carolyn Armstrong Enquist
Seasonality of biological and physical systems as indicators of climatic variation and change Seasonality of biological and physical systems as indicators of climatic variation and change
Evidence-based responses to climate change by society require operational and sustained information including biophysical indicator systems that provide up-to-date measures of trends and patterns against historical baselines. Two key components linking anthropogenic climate change to impacts on socio-ecological systems are the periodic inter- and intra-annual variations in physical...
Authors
Jake Weltzin, Julio L. Betancourt, Benjamin I. Cook, Theresa Crimmins, Carolyn Armstrong Enquist, MD Gerst, JE Gross, GM Henebry, RA Hufft, MA Kenney, John S. Kimball, Bradley C. Reed, SW Running
Unfamiliar territory: Emerging themes for ecological drought research and management Unfamiliar territory: Emerging themes for ecological drought research and management
Novel forms of drought are emerging globally, due to climate change, shifting teleconnection patterns, expanding human water use, and a history of human influence on the environment that increases the probability of transformational ecological impacts. These costly ecological impacts cascade to human communities, and understanding this changing drought landscape is one of today’s grand...
Authors
Shelley D. Crausbay, Julio L. Betancourt, John B. Bradford, Jennifer M. Cartwright, William C. Dennison, Jason B. Dunham, Carolyn Armstrong Enquist, Abby G. Frazier, Kimberly R. Hall, Jeremy Littell, Charlie H. Luce, Richard Palmer, Aaron R. Ramirez, Imtiaz Rangwala, Laura Thompson, Brianne M. Walsh, Shawn Carter
Building translational ecology communities of practice: insights from the field Building translational ecology communities of practice: insights from the field
Translational ecology (TE) prioritizes the understanding of social systems and decision contexts in order to address complex natural resource management issues. Although many practitioners in applied fields employ translational tactics, the body of literature addressing such approaches is limited. We present several case studies illustrating the principles of TE and the diversity of its...
Authors
Dawn M. Lawson, Kimberly R. Hall, Laurie Yung, Carolyn A. F. Enquist
Toward an effective practice of translational ecology Toward an effective practice of translational ecology
No abstract available.
Authors
Stephen T. Jackson, Gregg Garfin, Carolyn A.F. Enquist
Foundations of translational ecology Foundations of translational ecology
Ecologists who specialize in translational ecology (TE) seek to link ecological knowledge to decision making by integrating ecological science with the full complement of social dimensions that underlie today's complex environmental issues. TE is motivated by a search for outcomes that directly serve the needs of natural resource managers and decision makers. This objective distinguishes...
Authors
Carolyn A. F. Enquist, Stephen T. Jackson, Gregg M. Garfin, Frank W. Davis, Leah R. Gerber, Jeremy Littell, Jennifer L. Tank, Adam Terando, Tamara U. Wall, Benjamin S. Halpern, J. Kevin Hiers, Toni L. Morelli, Elizabeth McNie, Nathan L. Stephenson, Matthew A. Williamson, Connie A. Woodhouse, Laurie Yung, Mark W. Brunson, Kimberly R. Hall, Lauren M. Hallett, Dawn M. Lawson, Max A. Moritz, Koren R. Nydick, Amber Pairis, Andrea J. Ray, Claudia M. Regan, Hugh D. Safford, Mark W. Schwartz, M. Rebecca Shaw
The plant phenology monitoring design for the National Ecological Observatory Network The plant phenology monitoring design for the National Ecological Observatory Network
Phenology is an integrative science that comprises the study of recurring biological activities or events. In an era of rapidly changing climate, the relationship between the timing of those events and environmental cues such as temperature, snowmelt, water availability or day length are of particular interest. This article provides an overview of the plant phenology sampling which will...
Authors
Sarah C Elmendorf, Katherine D. Jones, Benjamin I. Cook, Jeffrey M. Diez, Carolyn A.F. Enquist, Rebecca A. Hufft, Matthew O. Jones, Susan J. Mazer, Abraham J. Miller-Rushing, David J. P. Moore, Mark D. Schwartz, Jake F. Weltzin
Organizing phenological data resources to inform natural resource conservation Organizing phenological data resources to inform natural resource conservation
Changes in the timing of plant and animal life cycle events, in response to climate change, are already happening across the globe. The impacts of these changes may affect biodiversity via disruption to mutualisms, trophic mismatches, invasions and population declines. To understand the nature, causes and consequences of changed, varied or static phenologies, new data resources and tools...
Authors
Alyssa H. Rosemartin, Theresa Crimmins, Carolyn A.F. Enquist, Katharine L. Gerst, Jherime L. Kellermann, Erin E. Posthumus, Ellen G. Denny, Patricia Guertin, Lee Marsh, Jake F. Weltzin
Standardized phenology monitoring methods to track plant and animal activity for science and resource management applications Standardized phenology monitoring methods to track plant and animal activity for science and resource management applications
Phenology offers critical insights into the responses of species to climate change; shifts in species’ phenologies can result in disruptions to the ecosystem processes and services upon which human livelihood depends. To better detect such shifts, scientists need long-term phenological records covering many taxa and across a broad geographic distribution. To date, phenological...
Authors
Ellen G. Denny, Katharine L. Gerst, Abraham J. Miller-Rushing, Geraldine L. Tierney, Theresa Crimmins, Carolyn A.F. Enquist, Patricia Guertin, Alyssa H. Rosemartin, Mark D. Schwartz, Kathryn A. Thomas, Jake F. Weltzin
Biodiversity in a changing climate: a synthesis of current and projected trends in the US Biodiversity in a changing climate: a synthesis of current and projected trends in the US
This paper provides a synthesis of the recent literature describing how global biodiversity is being affected by climate change and is projected to respond in the future. Current studies reinforce earlier findings of major climate-change-related impacts on biological systems and document new, more subtle after-effects. For example, many species are shifting their distributions and...
Authors
Michelle D. Staudinger, Shawn L. Carter, Molly S. Cross, Natalie S. Dubois, J. Emmett Duffy, Carolyn Enquist, Roger Griffis, Jessica J. Hellmann, Joshua J. Lawler, John O’Leary, Scott A. Morrison, Lesley Sneddon, Bruce A. Stein, Laura M. Thompson, Woody Turner
Natural ecosystems Natural ecosystems
Natural Ecosystems analyzes the association of observed changes in climate with changes in the geographic distributions and phenology (the timing of blossoms or migrations of birds) for Southwestern ecosystems and their species, portraying ecosystem disturbances—such as wildfires and outbreaks of forest pathogens—and carbon storage and release, in relation to climate change.
Authors
Erica Fleishman, Jayne Belnap, Neil Cobb, Carolyn A.F. Enquist, Karl Ford, Glen MacDonald, Mike Pellant, Tania Schoennagel, Lara M. Schmit, Mark Schwartz, Suzanne van Drunick, Anthony LeRoy Westerling, Alisa Keyser, Ryan Lucas
Non-USGS Publications**
Enquist, C.A.F. and S.T. Jackson. 2016. Ensuring Coordination Among Regional Climate Science Programs, National Adaptation Forum, St. Louis, MO, 14 May 2015. Eos, Meeting Reports, January 25, 2016.
Gerst, K.L., J. L. Kellermann, C.A.F. Enquist, A.H. Rosemartin, E.G. Denny. 2015. Estimating the onset of spring from a complex phenology database: trade-offs across geographic scales. International Journal of Biometeorology. 1-10. DOI 10.1007/s00484-015-1036-4.
Enquist, C.A.F., J.L. Kellermann, K.L. Gerst, and A.J. Miller-Rushing. 2014. Phenology research for natural resource management in the U.S. International Journal of Biometeorology. 58:579-589.
Stein, B.A., A. Staudt, M. S. Cross, N. Dubois, C. Enquist, R. Griffis, L. Hansen, J. Hellman, J. Lawler, E. Nelson, A. Pairis. 2013. Preparing for and managing change: climate adaptation for biodiversity and ecosystems. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 11: 502-510.
Cross, M.S., P.D. McCarthy, G. Garfin, D. Gori, C. Enquist. 2013. Accelerating climate change adaptation in vulnerable landscapes across the southwestern United States. Cons Biol 27:4-13.
Schwartz, M.D., C.A.F. Enquist, E.G. Denny. 2013. Phenological implications of warming temperatures and extreme climatic events. Eos 94 (10): 99.
Cross, M., E. Zavaleta, D. Bachelet, M. Brooks, C. Enquist, E. Fleishman, L. Graumlich, C. Groves, L.Hannah, L. Hansen, G. Hayward, M. Koopman, J. Lawler, J. Malcolm, J. Nordgren, B. Petersen, E. Rowland, D. Scott, S. Shafer, R. Shaw, and G. Tabor. 2012. The Adaptation for Conservation Targets (ACT) framework: A tool for incorporating climate change into natural resource management. Environmental Management. 50:341-351.
Cross, M., E. Girvetz, A. Schragg, and C. Enquist. 2012. Integrating Climate Change Science into Large-Scale Conservation, In: Conservation and climate disruption: Ecoregional science and practice in a changing climate (Eds. C. C. Chester, J.A. Hilty & Molly S. Cross), Island Press.
Enquist, C., A. Rosemartin, M.D. Schwartz. 2012. Identifying and prioritizing phenological data products and tools. Eos. 93(37): 356.
Enquist, B.J. and C.A.F. Enquist. 2011. Long-term change in a Neotropical forest: assessing functional and floristic responses to drought and past disturbance. Global Change Biology. 17:1408-1424
Glick, P., B. Stein, N. Edelson, N., N. Green, R. Beach, M. Cross, C. Enquist, D. Finch, H. Gailbraith, E. Girvetz, J. Gross, M. Harris, K. Hayhoe, J. Hoffman, D. Inkley, B. Jones, L. Joyce, J. Lawler, D. Ojima, J. O’Leary, B. Young. 2011. Scanning the conservation horizon: a guide to climate change vulnerability assessment. The National Wildlife Federation, Washington, D.C.
Enquist, C. and A. Miller-Rushing. 2011. Standards and tools for using phenology in science, management, and education. Park Science 28.
Robles, M.D. and C. Enquist. 2011. Managing changing landscapes in the Southwestern United States. The Nature Conservancy. Tucson, Arizona. 26 pp.
West, J.M., P. Kareiva, C. Enquist, A. Johnson, S.H. Julius, J. Lawler, B. Petersen, L. Pitelka, R. Shaw. 2009. U.S. natural resources and climate change: concepts and approaches for management adaptation. Environmental Management. 44 (6): 1001. DOI 10.1007/s00267-009-9345-1.
McCarthy, P., C.A.F. Enquist, and G. Garfin. 2008. Mitigating climate change in the American Southwest. Eos 89 (1): 3, Meeting Reports.
Enquist, C.A.F. and D.F. Gori. 2008. Application of an expert system approach for assessing grassland status in the U.S.-Mexico borderlands: implications for conservation and management. Natural Areas Journal 28: 414-428.
Enquist, C.A.F. 2002. Predicted regional impacts of climate change on the geographic distribution and diversity of tropical forests in Costa Rica. Journal of Biogeography 29(4):519-534.
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.
Science and Products
Building Knowledge Exchange Networks to Support Climate Adaptation in the Interior Southwest
The Interior Southwest (Arizona, Nevada, and Utah) is home to a vast and diverse geography consisting of deep canyons, great expanses of desert, mountain ranges, and forests, as well as diverse human communities. The majority of the land in these states is held by state, federal and tribal entities; and environmental changes pose challenges to the management of these public and tribal...
Filter Total Items: 24
Vegetation type conversion in the US Southwest: Frontline observations and management responses Vegetation type conversion in the US Southwest: Frontline observations and management responses
Forest and nonforest ecosystems of the western United States are experiencing major transformations in response to land-use change, climate warming, and their interactive effects with wildland fire. Some ecosystems are transitioning to persistent alternative types, hereafter called “vegetation type conversion” (VTC). VTC is one of the most pressing management issues in the southwestern...
Authors
Christopher H. Guiterman, Rachel M. Gregg, Laura A.E. Marshall, Jill Beckmann, Phillip J. van Mantgem, Donald A. Falk, Jon Keeley, Anthony C. Caprio, Jonathan D. Coop, Paula J. Fornwalt, Collin Haffey, R. Keala Hagmann, Stephen Jackson, Ann M. Lynch, Ellis Margolis, Christopher Marks, Marc D. Meyer, Hugh Safford, Alexandra Dunya Syphard, Alan H. Taylor, Craig Wilcox, Dennis Carril, Carolyn Armstrong Enquist, David W. Huffman, Jose Iniguez, Nicole A. Molinari, Christina M Restaino, Jens T. Stevens
Scenario Planning Around Resource Challenges (SPARC): A management-centered approach to scenario planning for climate adaptation Scenario Planning Around Resource Challenges (SPARC): A management-centered approach to scenario planning for climate adaptation
Scenario planning is a strategy or framework that aids making decisions under uncertainty. Inspired by widespread use in the areas of military and business, recent work has applied the strategy to anticipate the effects of climate change on natural resource management. Most scenario planning efforts identify scenarios based on uncertain response in two key drivers of change (e.g...
Authors
Alexander Bryan, Carolyn Armstrong Enquist
Seasonality of biological and physical systems as indicators of climatic variation and change Seasonality of biological and physical systems as indicators of climatic variation and change
Evidence-based responses to climate change by society require operational and sustained information including biophysical indicator systems that provide up-to-date measures of trends and patterns against historical baselines. Two key components linking anthropogenic climate change to impacts on socio-ecological systems are the periodic inter- and intra-annual variations in physical...
Authors
Jake Weltzin, Julio L. Betancourt, Benjamin I. Cook, Theresa Crimmins, Carolyn Armstrong Enquist, MD Gerst, JE Gross, GM Henebry, RA Hufft, MA Kenney, John S. Kimball, Bradley C. Reed, SW Running
Unfamiliar territory: Emerging themes for ecological drought research and management Unfamiliar territory: Emerging themes for ecological drought research and management
Novel forms of drought are emerging globally, due to climate change, shifting teleconnection patterns, expanding human water use, and a history of human influence on the environment that increases the probability of transformational ecological impacts. These costly ecological impacts cascade to human communities, and understanding this changing drought landscape is one of today’s grand...
Authors
Shelley D. Crausbay, Julio L. Betancourt, John B. Bradford, Jennifer M. Cartwright, William C. Dennison, Jason B. Dunham, Carolyn Armstrong Enquist, Abby G. Frazier, Kimberly R. Hall, Jeremy Littell, Charlie H. Luce, Richard Palmer, Aaron R. Ramirez, Imtiaz Rangwala, Laura Thompson, Brianne M. Walsh, Shawn Carter
Building translational ecology communities of practice: insights from the field Building translational ecology communities of practice: insights from the field
Translational ecology (TE) prioritizes the understanding of social systems and decision contexts in order to address complex natural resource management issues. Although many practitioners in applied fields employ translational tactics, the body of literature addressing such approaches is limited. We present several case studies illustrating the principles of TE and the diversity of its...
Authors
Dawn M. Lawson, Kimberly R. Hall, Laurie Yung, Carolyn A. F. Enquist
Toward an effective practice of translational ecology Toward an effective practice of translational ecology
No abstract available.
Authors
Stephen T. Jackson, Gregg Garfin, Carolyn A.F. Enquist
Foundations of translational ecology Foundations of translational ecology
Ecologists who specialize in translational ecology (TE) seek to link ecological knowledge to decision making by integrating ecological science with the full complement of social dimensions that underlie today's complex environmental issues. TE is motivated by a search for outcomes that directly serve the needs of natural resource managers and decision makers. This objective distinguishes...
Authors
Carolyn A. F. Enquist, Stephen T. Jackson, Gregg M. Garfin, Frank W. Davis, Leah R. Gerber, Jeremy Littell, Jennifer L. Tank, Adam Terando, Tamara U. Wall, Benjamin S. Halpern, J. Kevin Hiers, Toni L. Morelli, Elizabeth McNie, Nathan L. Stephenson, Matthew A. Williamson, Connie A. Woodhouse, Laurie Yung, Mark W. Brunson, Kimberly R. Hall, Lauren M. Hallett, Dawn M. Lawson, Max A. Moritz, Koren R. Nydick, Amber Pairis, Andrea J. Ray, Claudia M. Regan, Hugh D. Safford, Mark W. Schwartz, M. Rebecca Shaw
The plant phenology monitoring design for the National Ecological Observatory Network The plant phenology monitoring design for the National Ecological Observatory Network
Phenology is an integrative science that comprises the study of recurring biological activities or events. In an era of rapidly changing climate, the relationship between the timing of those events and environmental cues such as temperature, snowmelt, water availability or day length are of particular interest. This article provides an overview of the plant phenology sampling which will...
Authors
Sarah C Elmendorf, Katherine D. Jones, Benjamin I. Cook, Jeffrey M. Diez, Carolyn A.F. Enquist, Rebecca A. Hufft, Matthew O. Jones, Susan J. Mazer, Abraham J. Miller-Rushing, David J. P. Moore, Mark D. Schwartz, Jake F. Weltzin
Organizing phenological data resources to inform natural resource conservation Organizing phenological data resources to inform natural resource conservation
Changes in the timing of plant and animal life cycle events, in response to climate change, are already happening across the globe. The impacts of these changes may affect biodiversity via disruption to mutualisms, trophic mismatches, invasions and population declines. To understand the nature, causes and consequences of changed, varied or static phenologies, new data resources and tools...
Authors
Alyssa H. Rosemartin, Theresa Crimmins, Carolyn A.F. Enquist, Katharine L. Gerst, Jherime L. Kellermann, Erin E. Posthumus, Ellen G. Denny, Patricia Guertin, Lee Marsh, Jake F. Weltzin
Standardized phenology monitoring methods to track plant and animal activity for science and resource management applications Standardized phenology monitoring methods to track plant and animal activity for science and resource management applications
Phenology offers critical insights into the responses of species to climate change; shifts in species’ phenologies can result in disruptions to the ecosystem processes and services upon which human livelihood depends. To better detect such shifts, scientists need long-term phenological records covering many taxa and across a broad geographic distribution. To date, phenological...
Authors
Ellen G. Denny, Katharine L. Gerst, Abraham J. Miller-Rushing, Geraldine L. Tierney, Theresa Crimmins, Carolyn A.F. Enquist, Patricia Guertin, Alyssa H. Rosemartin, Mark D. Schwartz, Kathryn A. Thomas, Jake F. Weltzin
Biodiversity in a changing climate: a synthesis of current and projected trends in the US Biodiversity in a changing climate: a synthesis of current and projected trends in the US
This paper provides a synthesis of the recent literature describing how global biodiversity is being affected by climate change and is projected to respond in the future. Current studies reinforce earlier findings of major climate-change-related impacts on biological systems and document new, more subtle after-effects. For example, many species are shifting their distributions and...
Authors
Michelle D. Staudinger, Shawn L. Carter, Molly S. Cross, Natalie S. Dubois, J. Emmett Duffy, Carolyn Enquist, Roger Griffis, Jessica J. Hellmann, Joshua J. Lawler, John O’Leary, Scott A. Morrison, Lesley Sneddon, Bruce A. Stein, Laura M. Thompson, Woody Turner
Natural ecosystems Natural ecosystems
Natural Ecosystems analyzes the association of observed changes in climate with changes in the geographic distributions and phenology (the timing of blossoms or migrations of birds) for Southwestern ecosystems and their species, portraying ecosystem disturbances—such as wildfires and outbreaks of forest pathogens—and carbon storage and release, in relation to climate change.
Authors
Erica Fleishman, Jayne Belnap, Neil Cobb, Carolyn A.F. Enquist, Karl Ford, Glen MacDonald, Mike Pellant, Tania Schoennagel, Lara M. Schmit, Mark Schwartz, Suzanne van Drunick, Anthony LeRoy Westerling, Alisa Keyser, Ryan Lucas
Non-USGS Publications**
Enquist, C.A.F. and S.T. Jackson. 2016. Ensuring Coordination Among Regional Climate Science Programs, National Adaptation Forum, St. Louis, MO, 14 May 2015. Eos, Meeting Reports, January 25, 2016.
Gerst, K.L., J. L. Kellermann, C.A.F. Enquist, A.H. Rosemartin, E.G. Denny. 2015. Estimating the onset of spring from a complex phenology database: trade-offs across geographic scales. International Journal of Biometeorology. 1-10. DOI 10.1007/s00484-015-1036-4.
Enquist, C.A.F., J.L. Kellermann, K.L. Gerst, and A.J. Miller-Rushing. 2014. Phenology research for natural resource management in the U.S. International Journal of Biometeorology. 58:579-589.
Stein, B.A., A. Staudt, M. S. Cross, N. Dubois, C. Enquist, R. Griffis, L. Hansen, J. Hellman, J. Lawler, E. Nelson, A. Pairis. 2013. Preparing for and managing change: climate adaptation for biodiversity and ecosystems. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 11: 502-510.
Cross, M.S., P.D. McCarthy, G. Garfin, D. Gori, C. Enquist. 2013. Accelerating climate change adaptation in vulnerable landscapes across the southwestern United States. Cons Biol 27:4-13.
Schwartz, M.D., C.A.F. Enquist, E.G. Denny. 2013. Phenological implications of warming temperatures and extreme climatic events. Eos 94 (10): 99.
Cross, M., E. Zavaleta, D. Bachelet, M. Brooks, C. Enquist, E. Fleishman, L. Graumlich, C. Groves, L.Hannah, L. Hansen, G. Hayward, M. Koopman, J. Lawler, J. Malcolm, J. Nordgren, B. Petersen, E. Rowland, D. Scott, S. Shafer, R. Shaw, and G. Tabor. 2012. The Adaptation for Conservation Targets (ACT) framework: A tool for incorporating climate change into natural resource management. Environmental Management. 50:341-351.
Cross, M., E. Girvetz, A. Schragg, and C. Enquist. 2012. Integrating Climate Change Science into Large-Scale Conservation, In: Conservation and climate disruption: Ecoregional science and practice in a changing climate (Eds. C. C. Chester, J.A. Hilty & Molly S. Cross), Island Press.
Enquist, C., A. Rosemartin, M.D. Schwartz. 2012. Identifying and prioritizing phenological data products and tools. Eos. 93(37): 356.
Enquist, B.J. and C.A.F. Enquist. 2011. Long-term change in a Neotropical forest: assessing functional and floristic responses to drought and past disturbance. Global Change Biology. 17:1408-1424
Glick, P., B. Stein, N. Edelson, N., N. Green, R. Beach, M. Cross, C. Enquist, D. Finch, H. Gailbraith, E. Girvetz, J. Gross, M. Harris, K. Hayhoe, J. Hoffman, D. Inkley, B. Jones, L. Joyce, J. Lawler, D. Ojima, J. O’Leary, B. Young. 2011. Scanning the conservation horizon: a guide to climate change vulnerability assessment. The National Wildlife Federation, Washington, D.C.
Enquist, C. and A. Miller-Rushing. 2011. Standards and tools for using phenology in science, management, and education. Park Science 28.
Robles, M.D. and C. Enquist. 2011. Managing changing landscapes in the Southwestern United States. The Nature Conservancy. Tucson, Arizona. 26 pp.
West, J.M., P. Kareiva, C. Enquist, A. Johnson, S.H. Julius, J. Lawler, B. Petersen, L. Pitelka, R. Shaw. 2009. U.S. natural resources and climate change: concepts and approaches for management adaptation. Environmental Management. 44 (6): 1001. DOI 10.1007/s00267-009-9345-1.
McCarthy, P., C.A.F. Enquist, and G. Garfin. 2008. Mitigating climate change in the American Southwest. Eos 89 (1): 3, Meeting Reports.
Enquist, C.A.F. and D.F. Gori. 2008. Application of an expert system approach for assessing grassland status in the U.S.-Mexico borderlands: implications for conservation and management. Natural Areas Journal 28: 414-428.
Enquist, C.A.F. 2002. Predicted regional impacts of climate change on the geographic distribution and diversity of tropical forests in Costa Rica. Journal of Biogeography 29(4):519-534.
**Disclaimer: The views expressed in Non-USGS publications are those of the author and do not represent the views of the USGS, Department of the Interior, or the U.S. Government.