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sphalerite, cubes of pyrite, and covellite
Sulfide minerals
Sulfide minerals
Sulfide minerals

Examples of sulfide minerals that occur at hydrothermal vents and are being studied by Amy Gartman: (left to right) sphalerite, an ore of zinc that often contains iron ([Zn,Fe]S); cubes of pyrite, rich in iron (FeS2); and covellite, containing copper and sulfur (CuS).The pyrite cubes are a little more than half an inch on a side.

Examples of sulfide minerals that occur at hydrothermal vents and are being studied by Amy Gartman: (left to right) sphalerite, an ore of zinc that often contains iron ([Zn,Fe]S); cubes of pyrite, rich in iron (FeS2); and covellite, containing copper and sulfur (CuS).The pyrite cubes are a little more than half an inch on a side.

Three researchers walk on a beach on a clear day with blue sky and calm seas.
Scientists collect beach elevation data near Moss Landing, California
Scientists collect beach elevation data near Moss Landing, California
Scientists collect beach elevation data near Moss Landing, California

Left to right: USGS scientist Josh Logan, USGS contractor Babak Tehranirad, and USGS contractor Rae Taylor-Burns (University of California-Santa Cruz graduate student) collect beach elevation data near Moss Landing, California, with precision GPS units carried in their backpacks.

Left to right: USGS scientist Josh Logan, USGS contractor Babak Tehranirad, and USGS contractor Rae Taylor-Burns (University of California-Santa Cruz graduate student) collect beach elevation data near Moss Landing, California, with precision GPS units carried in their backpacks.

Coastal wetland ecosystems in Jamaica Bay, New York,
Coastal wetland ecosystems in Jamaica Bay, New York,
Coastal wetland ecosystems in Jamaica Bay, New York,
Coastal wetland ecosystems in Jamaica Bay, New York,

Coastal wetland ecosystems in Jamaica Bay, New York, provide important ecosystem services along the highly urbanized Atlantic coast.

Model contrast lower sea level rise vs. higher sea level rise into the future
Sea level rise scenario model for Dauphin Island, Alabama
Sea level rise scenario model for Dauphin Island, Alabama
Sea level rise scenario model for Dauphin Island, Alabama

This model shows what Dauphin Island, Alabama, may look like under moderate storms but with increasing rates of sea level rise (Passeri and others, 2018).

Model contrasts less frequent, less intense storms vs. more frequent, more intense storms into the future
Storm and sea level rise scenario model for Dauphin Island, Alabama
Storm and sea level rise scenario model for Dauphin Island, Alabama
Storm and sea level rise scenario model for Dauphin Island, Alabama

Storm and sea level rise scenario models, like the one shown here, can be used to explore the future. This model shows what Dauphin Island may look like 10 years from now if storms become stronger and more frequent (Passeri and others, 2018).

Storm and sea level rise scenario models, like the one shown here, can be used to explore the future. This model shows what Dauphin Island may look like 10 years from now if storms become stronger and more frequent (Passeri and others, 2018).

A seismic instrument on pontoon floats is deployed from the beach to the water.
Deployment of the chirp seismic instrument from the beach
Deployment of the chirp seismic instrument from the beach
Deployment of the chirp seismic instrument from the beach

Most underwater seismic data is collected from large research vessels; however, the shoreface environment is shallower than areas in which most seismic surveys occur. To get the information we need to assess changes in shoreface geology, we mount our seismic instruments on pontoon floats and deploy the instrument from the beach.

Most underwater seismic data is collected from large research vessels; however, the shoreface environment is shallower than areas in which most seismic surveys occur. To get the information we need to assess changes in shoreface geology, we mount our seismic instruments on pontoon floats and deploy the instrument from the beach.

USGS drone pilots on the beach in Dauphin Island, Alabama
USGS aerial imaging mapping team
USGS aerial imaging mapping team
Perspective view of coastal bathymetry looking onshore, St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands
Perspective lidar view of coastal bathymetry at St. Thomas, USVI
Perspective lidar view of coastal bathymetry at St. Thomas, USVI
Perspective lidar view of coastal bathymetry at St. Thomas, USVI

Perspective view of coastal bathymetry looking onshore, St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands, mapped using lidar and depicted with false-color, showing detailed submerged features, including coral reefs.

Perspective view of coastal bathymetry looking onshore, St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands, mapped using lidar and depicted with false-color, showing detailed submerged features, including coral reefs.

A small boat sits at a dock.
PCMSC vessel San Lorenzo
PCMSC vessel San Lorenzo
PCMSC vessel San Lorenzo

USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center's research vessel R/V San Lorenzo.

USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center's research vessel R/V San Lorenzo.

Sunset in background on a body of water with a small boat in the foreground.
PCMSC vessel San Lorenzo at sunset
PCMSC vessel San Lorenzo at sunset
PCMSC vessel San Lorenzo at sunset

Sun sets on Whiskeytown Lake with PCMSC's vessel San Lorenzo in foreground.

A view of the side of a boat with an instrument attached to a tall, cylindrical pole bolted to it.
SWATHplus in the water
SWATHplus in the water
SWATHplus in the water

The SWATHplus is a 234 kHz interferometric bathymetric survey tool for surveys in water depths from 1 to 200 meters.

The SWATHplus is a 234 kHz interferometric bathymetric survey tool for surveys in water depths from 1 to 200 meters.

View through the windshield of a boat on a calm bay looking out on calm waters, trees, and a mountain in distance.
What the skipper sees
What the skipper sees
What the skipper sees

Looking through the windshield of USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center's boat San Lorenzo under pristine field conditions.

Looking through the windshield of USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center's boat San Lorenzo under pristine field conditions.

A woman with gloves and safety glasses inserts a tray of tiny samples into a laboratory instrument
Dr. Christina Kellogg loads coral samples for DNA extraction
Dr. Christina Kellogg loads coral samples for DNA extraction
Dr. Christina Kellogg loads coral samples for DNA extraction

SPCMSC Research Microbiologist Christina Kellogg loading coral samples into an automated DNA extraction instrument for processing.

SPCMSC Research Microbiologist Christina Kellogg loading coral samples into an automated DNA extraction instrument for processing.

A vegetated sandy coastline with water at low tide, and a strip of land in the distance with houses
Dauphin Island, Alabama
Dauphin Island, Alabama
Dauphin Island, Alabama

A view of a vegetated inland coastline overlooking the water on Dauphin Island, Alabama. The island protects mainland Alabama’s coastal communities and resources from storms, while also providing recreational opportunities (fishing, beach tourism, etc.) and other economic benefits to the local community and state.

A view of a vegetated inland coastline overlooking the water on Dauphin Island, Alabama. The island protects mainland Alabama’s coastal communities and resources from storms, while also providing recreational opportunities (fishing, beach tourism, etc.) and other economic benefits to the local community and state.

A low-lying, flat sandy area with water on both sides and a bridge in the distance
Dauphin Island, Alabama
Dauphin Island, Alabama
Dauphin Island, Alabama

A panoramic view on Dauphin Island, Alabama. The island protects mainland Alabama’s coastal communities and resources from storms, while also providing recreational opportunities (fishing, beach tourism, etc.) and other economic benefits to the local community and state.

A panoramic view on Dauphin Island, Alabama. The island protects mainland Alabama’s coastal communities and resources from storms, while also providing recreational opportunities (fishing, beach tourism, etc.) and other economic benefits to the local community and state.

Herring River, Wellfleet, MA
Herring River, Wellfleet, MA
Herring River, Wellfleet, MA
Herring River, Wellfleet, MA

The Herring River in Wellfleet, MA is a tidally-restricted estuary system. Management options including potential restoration of unrestricted tidal flows require an understanding of pre-restoration sediment conditions

The Herring River in Wellfleet, MA is a tidally-restricted estuary system. Management options including potential restoration of unrestricted tidal flows require an understanding of pre-restoration sediment conditions

Herring River, Wellfleet, MA
Herring River, Wellfleet, MA
Herring River, Wellfleet, MA
Herring River, Wellfleet, MA

The Herring River in Wellfleet, MA is a tidally-restricted estuary system. Management options including potential restoration of unrestricted tidal flows require an understanding of pre-restoration sediment conditions.

The Herring River in Wellfleet, MA is a tidally-restricted estuary system. Management options including potential restoration of unrestricted tidal flows require an understanding of pre-restoration sediment conditions.