Book Chapters
Science Quality and Integrity
The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
The USGS provides unbiased, objective, and impartial scientific information upon which our audiences, including resource managers, planners, and other entities, rely.
Browse more than 5,500 book chapters authored by our scientists over the past 100+ year history of the USGS and refine search by topic, location, year, and advanced search.
Filter Total Items: 6063
Lava lake thermal pattern classification using self organizing maps and relationships to eruption processes at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii
Kīlauea Volcano’s active summit lava lake poses hazards to downwind residents and over 1.6 million Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park visitors each year. The lava lake surface is dynamic; crustal plates separated by incandescent cracks move across the lake as magma circulates below. We hypothesize that these dynamic thermal patterns are related to changes in other volcanic processes, such that sequen
Authors
Amy M Burzynski, Steve W. Anderson, Kerryn Morrison, Matthew R. Patrick, Tim R. Orr, Weston Thelen
Methods of environmental valuation
Commensurate valuation of market and nonmarket public goods allows for a more valid benefit-cost analysis. Economic methods for valuing nonmarket public goods include actual behavior-based revealed preference methods, such as the hedonic property method for urban-suburban public goods and travel cost models for outdoor recreation. For valuing proposed public goods for which there is no current beh
Authors
John B. Loomis, Christopher Huber, Leslie Richardson
The shifting saltmarsh-mangrove ecotone in Australasia and the Americas
Mangroves and saltmarshes coexist in the intertidal wetlands of many temperate and subtropical coastlines. In these settings, mangroves may be close to physiological limits of tolerance in relation to a range of environmental variables, including temperature, salinity, aridity, and inundation frequency. Changes in the distribution of mangrove and saltmarsh might thereby provide insights into the e
Authors
Neil Saintilan, Kerrylee Rogers, Karen L. McKee
Recent outer-shelf foraminiferal assemblages on the Carnarvon Ramp and Northwestern Shelf of Western Australia
The carbonate sediments of the Western Australian shelf in the Indian Ocean host diverse assemblages of benthic foraminifera. Environments of the shelf are dominated by the southward-flowing Leeuwin Current, which impacts near-surface circulation and influences biogeographic ranges of Indo-Pacific warm-water foraminifera. Analyses of outer ramp to upper slope sediments (127–264 m water depth) at f
Authors
Christian Haller, Pamela Hallock, Albert C. Hine, Christopher G. Smith
Bottom trawl assessment of Lake Ontario prey fishes
Collaborative Lake Ontario bottom trawl surveys, led by the United States Geological Survey (USGS), provide science and management information for evaluating Fish Community Objectives including predator-prey balance and prey fish community diversity. In 2018, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC), Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (OMNR), and the (US
Authors
Brian C. Weidel, Michael J. Connerton, Jeremy Holden
Generalization in practice within national mapping agencies
National Mapping Agencies (NMAs) are still among the main end users of research into automated generalisation, which is transferred into their produc- tion lines via various means. This chapter includes contributions from seven NMAs, illustrating how automated generalisation is used in practice within their partly or fully automated databases and maps production lines, what results are currently b
Authors
Cécile Duchêne, Blanca Baella, Cynthia A. Brewer, Dirk Burghardt, Barbara P. Buttenfield, Julien Gaffuri, Dominik Käuferle, Francois Lecordix, Emmanuel Maugeais, Ron Nijhuis, Maria Pla, Marc Post, Nicolas Regnauld, Larry Stanislawski, Jantien Stoter, Katalin Tóth, Sabine Urbanke, Vincent van Altena, Antje Wiedemann
Status and trends of pelagic prey fish in Lake Huron, 2017
Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey’s Great Lakes Science Center conducted integrated acoustic and mid-water trawl surveys of Lake Huron in 1997 and annually from 2004-2017. The 2017 survey was conducted during September and included transects in Lake Huron’s main basin, Georgian Bay, and North Channel. Mean lake-wide pelagic fish density was 1582 fish/ha and mean pelagic fish biomass was 1
Authors
Timothy P. O'Brien, David M. Warner, Peter C. Esselman, Steve A. Farha, Steve Lenart, Chris Olds, Kristy Phillips
Preamble, part a: Groundwater quantity of South Asia
No abstract available.
Authors
Clifford I. Voss
Climate change science and modeling
This chapter provides a brief background on climate change science, climate simulation models, and models that project the impacts of changes in climate on tree species and ecosystems. Throughout the chapter, boxes list resources for more information on each topic. A more detailed scientific review of climate change science, trends, and modeling can be found in the Intergovernmental Panel on Clima
Authors
Patricia R. Butler-Leopold, Louis R. Iverson, Frank R. Thompson III, Leslie A. Brandt, Stephen D. Handler, Maria K. Janowiak, P. Danielle Shannon, Christopher W. Swanston, Scott Bearer, Alexander Bryan, Kenneth L. Clark, Greg Czarnecki, Philip DeSenze, William D. Dijak, Jacob S. Fraser, Paul F. Gugger, Andrea Hille, Justin Hynicka, Claire A. Jantz, Matthew C. Kelly, Katrina M. Krause, Inga P. La Puma, Deborah Landau, Richard G. Lathrop, Laura P. Leites, Evan Madlinger, Stephen N. Matthews, Gulnihal Ozbay, Matthew P. Peters, Anantha Prasad, David A. Schmit, Collin Shephard, Rebecca Shirer, Nicholas S. Skowronski, Al Steele, Susan Stout, Melissa Thomas-Van Gundy, John Thompson, Richard M. Turcotte, David A. Weinstein, Alfonso Yáñez
Historical and projected climate in the northern Rockies Region
Climate influences the ecosystem services we obtain from forest and rangelands. Climate is described by the long-term characteristics of precipitation, temperature, wind, snowfall, and other measures of weather that occur over a long period in a particular place, and is typically expressed as long-term average conditions. Resource management practices are implemented day-to-day in response to weat
Authors
Linda A. Joyce, Marian Talbert, Darrin Sharp, Jeffrey T. Morisette, John J. Stevenson
Population trends of birds wintering in the Central Valley of California
Since the 1970s, the Central Valley of California has seen a large investment in preservation and restoration of wetlands and riparian areas. At the same time, grasslands have been lost to vineyards, orchards, and residential development at an accelerating rate. We analyzed data from 17 Christmas Bird Count circles that were surveyed regularly between winter 1978–79 and winter 2013–14 to document
Authors
Edward R Pandolfino, Colleen M. Handel