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Publications

Dive into our publications and explore the science from the Environmental Health Program (Toxic Substances Hydrology and Contaminant Biology).

Filter Total Items: 3746

Factors controlling elevated lead concentrations in water samples from aquifer systems in Florida

Concentrations of total lead (Pb) and dissolved Pb exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency action level of 15 micrograms per liter (mg/L) in approximately 19 percent and 1.3 percent, respectively, of ground-water samples collected during 1991-96 from a statewide network of monitoring wells designed to delineate background water quality of Florida's major aquifer systems. Differences in t
Authors
B. G. Katz, M.P. Bullen, T.D. Bullen, Paul Hansard

Characterizing hydrology and the importance of ground-water discharge in natural and constructed wetlands

Although considered the most important component for the establishment and persistence of wetlands, hydrology has been hard to characterize and linkages between hydrology and other environmental conditions are often poorly understood. In this work, methods for characterizing a wetland’s hydrology from hydrographs were developed, and the importance of ground water to the physical and geochemical co
Authors
Randall J. Hunt, John F. Walker, David P. Krabbenhoft

Chemical data and lead isotopic compositions in stream-sediment samples from the Boulder River watershed, Jefferson County, Montana

Metal-mining related wastes in the Boulder River basin study area in northern Jefferson County, Montana, have been evaluated for their environmental effects as a part of the U.S. Geological Survey Abandoned Mine Lands Project. Many mine and prospect waste dumps, and mill wastes are located in the drainage basins of Basin Creek, Cataract Creek, and High Ore Creek, the three major tributaries to the
Authors
David L. Fey, Dan M. Unruh, Stan E. Church

User's guide to PHREEQC (Version 2): A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations

PHREEQC version 2 is a computer program written in the C programming language that is designed to perform a wide variety of low-temperature aqueous geochemical calculations. PHREEQC is based on an ion-association aqueous model and has capabilities for (1) speciation and saturation-index calculations; (2) batch-reaction and one-dimensional (1D) transport calculations involving reversible reactions,
Authors
David L. Parkhurst, C.A.J. Appelo

Nitrate in groundwater of the midwestern United States: A regional investigation on relations to land use and soil properties

The intense application of nitrogen-fertilizer to cropland in the midwestern United States has created concern about nitrate contamination of the region's aquifers. Since 1991, the US Geological Survey has used a network of 303 wells to investigate the regional distribution of nitrate in near-surface aquifers of the midwestern United States. Detailed land use and soil data were compiled within a 2
Authors
D. Kolpin, M. Burkart, D. Goolsby

Spatial variability of turbulent fluxes in the roughness sublayer of an even-aged pine forest

The spatial variability of turbulent flow statistics in the roughness sublayer (RSL) of a uniform even-aged 14 m (= h) tall loblolly pine forest was investigated experimentally. Using seven existing walkup towers at this stand, high frequency velocity, temperature, water vapour and carbon dioxide concentrations were measured at 15.5 m above the ground surface from October 6 to 10 in 1997. These se
Authors
G. Katul, C.-I. Hsieh, D. Bowling, K. Clark, N. Shurpali, A. Turnipseed, J. Albertson, K. Tu, D. Hollinger, B. M. Evans, B. Offerle, D. Anderson, D. Ellsworth, C. Vogel, R. Oren

Observations on preferential flow and horizontal transport of nitrogen fertilizer in the unsaturated zone

A study site underlain by a claypan soil was instrumented to examine the transport of fertilizer nitrogen (N) under corn (Zea mays L.) cultivation. The study was designed to examine N transport within the unsaturated zone and in intedlow (the saturated flow of water on top of the claypan). A 15N-labeled fertilizer (labeled N), bromide (Br), and chloride (Cl) were used as field tracers. Rapid or pr
Authors
D.H. Wilkison, D. W. Blevins